Thenon-finiteVerbs非谓语动词有3种形式:不定式、动名词和分词
它们不能作谓语,无人称和数的变化,但都具有动词的特点(带宾语或状语、有时态和语态的变化)
它们的句法功能如下:主语表语宾语补语介宾定语状语不定式√√√√exceptbut√√动名词√√√√√分词√√√√TheInfinitive(具有名词、形容词和副词的性质)主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone作主语1
Toseeistobelieve
It’sdifficult(forus)tolearnEnglish
It’sfoolishofhertobelievehim
=Sheisfoolishtobelievehim
这类形容词有:kind/clever/cruel/rude/selfish/careless/wise/stupid/honest/brave/generous/considerateetc作表语1
Hisaimistowinthefirstprize
Allwecandois(to)wait
One’sdream/aim/ambition/wish/Thefirststep/WhatIwanttodoisto…作宾语1
Hedemandedtobetoldthetruth
Hepretendedtobedoinghishomework/tohavefallenasleepwhenMothercamein
decide/fail/manage/refuse/pretend/choose/agree/hope/plan/promise/makeupone’smind+todo3
Idon’tknowwhattodo
decide/findout/know/learn/consideretc+疑