（一）定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等关系副词有:when,where,why关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1.who/that指人，在定语从句中作主语。玩足球的男孩是一班的TheboysareplayingfootballTheyarefromClassOneTheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.每年来参观这个城市人的数目达到百万ThepeoplecometovisitthiscityeachyearThenumberofpeoplereachesonemillion.Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.想去博物馆的人明早7点必须在校门口ThosemustbeattheschoolgateattomorrowTheywanttogotothemuseumThosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanHehadlosthiswayYesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.这就是教我们物理的教师ThisistheteacherHeteachesusphysicsThatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.2.whom/that/who指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。刘先生就是你在公共汽车见到的那个人MrLiuisthepersonYoumethimonthebus.MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.你介绍给我的那个人非常好Thepersonisverykind.youintroducedhimtomeThepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.李明就是我想见的那个人LiMingisjusttheboyIwanttoseehim.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.你等的教授来了Theprofessorhascome.youarewaitingforhimTheprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforhascome.老师经常表扬的女孩是班长Thegirlisourmonitor.TheteacheroftenpraisesThegirl(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。Themanismyoldfriend.YoumethimjustnowTheman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.我今早看见的那个人在那？WhereisthemanIsawhimthismorning?Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?3.which/that指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。足球是大多数男孩喜欢的项目FootballisagameFootballislikedbymostboys.Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.制造电脑的工厂离这很远Thefactoryisfarawayfromhere.ThefactorymakescomputersThefactorywhichmakescomputersisfarawayfromhere.他喜欢读外国作家写的书HelikestoreadbooksThebooksarewrittenbyforeignwriters.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.湖边的房子看起来很好Thehouselooksnice.Thehouseisbythelake.Thehousewhichisbythelakelooksnice.这就是他昨天买的钢笔Thisisthepen.Heboughtityesterday.Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.他们昨晚想看的电影根本没趣Thefilmwasnotinterestingatall.TheywenttoseeitlastnightThefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.春天后面的季节是夏天TheseasoncomesafterspringTheseasonissummer.Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.昨天我收到澳大利亚的来信YesterdayIreceivedaletterthelettercamefromAustralia.YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。我拜访了名字全国文明的科学家IvisitedascientistHisnameisknownalloverthecountryIvisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry他有个当医生的朋友Hehasafriend.Hisfatherisadoctor.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.我曾经住在房顶踏的房子IoncelivedinthehouseItsroofhasfallenin.Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.门坏了的教室马上修好Theclassroomwillsoonberepaired.ItsdoorisbrokenTheclassroomwh...
