高一英语Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars 主语从句 新课标 人教版 教案VIP专享VIP免费

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsGrammarThesubjectclause主语从句主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1．引导主语从句的连接词有三类：(1)连词that、whether：Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.Whetherwegobytrainorbyboatmakesnodifference.Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whateverhedidisright.Whatshedidisnotyetknown.Whoevercomesiswelcome.Whicheveryouwantisyours(2)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等3)连接副词where,when,how,why等。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whereveryouareismyhome----myonlyhome.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Wherewelivedoesn’tmatter.Howthepyramidswerebuiltwasstillamystery.A.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.B.It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。如：It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.It’snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.2.2.用用itit作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构C.It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman－madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.D.It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.AliceIthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.E.It+doesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?Doesitmattermuchthattheywillnotcometomorrow?G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：Howstrangeitisthatthechildrenaresoquiet!3.3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：（1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。（2）Itissaid/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.（3）Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.（4）Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?√×√×√×√×4.主语从句需注意的问题(1)主语从句中用陈述语序WhatsheisafraidofistheirtakinghertoParis.(Whatissheafraidof…Wrong)(2)主语从句后谓语动词用第三人称单数Thattheyhaven’tphonedisstrange.(3)that引导的主语从句中，that不可被省略Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.4.It4.It作形式主语和作形式主语和itit引导强调句的比较引导强调句的比较It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.5.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that则不然。例如：1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itisaconsolationthatsheisstillalive.×√1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Yourhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.5.Itisimportantthatastudentlearnsaforeignlanguage.weshallThatyouhaveItisWhoevershouldlearn改错练习1.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?（01北京春季)A．whereB．whatC．howD．which2.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.（04上海）A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how3.Fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.(00上海）A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which（D）(B)(B）