Ⅰ.单词短语根据所给词性和汉语写出单词,并进行适当拓展。1.________(vt.)捐赠→________(n.)捐献,捐赠→________(n.)捐赠者2.________(adj.)自愿的;志愿的,无偿的→________(n.)志愿者3.________(n.)公牛→________(pl.)公牛4.________(adj.)政治的;政党的→________(n.)政治5.________(vt.)分配;分发→________(n.)分配,分发;分布状态6.________(v.)工作;运转;操作→________(n.)操作,手术答案:1.donate;donation;donator2.voluntary;volunteer3.ox;oxen4.political;politics5.distribute;distribution6.operate;operationⅡ.重点短语1.bringhope________...为……带来希望2.________need在困难中,在危急中3.as________as和;也4.________thecostof囊括/支付……的费用答案:1.to2.in3.well4.cover1.donatevt.捐赠①Icandonateonehundreddollarsatbest.我充其量只能捐助一百美元。②Localpeoplelineduptodonatebloodforthebravegirl.当地群众排队给这位勇敢的姑娘献血。③Hehasdonatedhislibrarytoourschool.他已把自己的藏书捐给我们学校了。[知识拓展](1)donatesth.tosb/sth.向某人/物捐赠某物(2)donatesth.todosth.为做某事而捐赠某物[词语辨析]contribute与donatecontribute和donate虽然都可以解释为“捐献”,但contribute本质上却是“提供,贡献”的意思,而donate只能用在义务捐献上,比如捐血、捐衣服、捐献自己的医术等等。①Everyoneshouldcontributewhatheorshecanafford.人们都应该尽自己的能力作贡献。②Thebusinessmandonatedalotofmoneytothehospital.这个商人捐给医院很多钱。[知识运用]采用donate或contribute的适当形式填空:(1)He________2,000YuantothegreenProjectHopeactivitytoprotectmotherriver.(2)Inhiswill,hevolunteeredto________hisbodytomedicine.(3)Everyonewasaskedto________suggestionsfortheproject.(4)Imadea________of$100totheFamineReliefFund.(5)Divisionofopinionamongthemselves________totheirdefeat.(6)Theinventionofpaperwasagreat________tohumancivilization.答案:(1)donated/contributed本题题意:他把2000元钱捐给了保护母亲河绿色希望工程活动。(2)donate本题题意:在他的遗嘱里,他自愿将遗体捐给医疗事业。(3)contribute本题题意:每个人都被请求对该计划提出建议。(4)contribution/donation本题题意:我向救灾基金会捐献了一百美元。(5)contributed本题题意:他们之间的意见分歧促使了他们的失败。(6)contribution本题题意:纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。2.purchasev.&n.1)v.购买;努力取得;换得①Theypurchasedlifeattheexpenseofhonour.他们以牺牲名誉为代价换得了生命。②They'vepurchasedanewhouseinthecountryside.他们在乡村刚买了一栋新房子。2)n.购买;购物①Hegavehissonsomemoneyforthepurchaseofhisschoolbooks.他给儿子一些钱去买学校的书。②Shemadeseveralpurchasesinthedressshop.她在服装店买了几样东西。[知识运用](1)Hecamehereforthe________ofcollectingmaterialforhisresearch.A.hopeB.benefitC.purchaseD.purpose答案:D本题题意:他到这里来,目的是为了他的研究搜集资料。forthepurposeof表示“为……目的”。(2)Heworkedallsummertosavemoneyforthe________ofapiano.A.hopeB.benefitC.purchaseD.purpose答案:C本题题意:他工作了一整个夏天,为的是存钱买架钢琴。purchase表示“购买”。3.distributevt.分配;分发①Clothesandblanketshavebeendistributedamongtherefugees.已经向难民分发了衣服和毯子。②Themotherdistributedcandyamongchildren.母亲给孩子们发糖果。[知识拓展](1)distribute...to/among...…………把分给(2)distribute...into...…………把分成[词语辨析]distribute,allocate,assign与divide这些动词均含“分配,分发”之意。1)distribute指将某物分成一定的部分或数量,通常各份的数量不一定相等,然后分给某些人或地方。Theyhaddistributedthelandsamongthepeasants.他们把土地分给农民。2)allocate指分配一定数量的财物或任...