单元语法聚焦 ( 九 )定语从句一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有 that ， which ， who( 宾格为 whom ，所有格为 whose) ；关系副词 有 where ， why ， when 。 本 单 元 我 们 主 要 学 习 关 系 代 词who ， that 和 which 引导的定语从句。【注意】定语从句在翻译成中文时，从句应翻译在先行词的前面。 如：That is the P.E teacher（先行词） who plays soccer best.（定语从句）那是踢足球踢得最好的体育老师。 二、关系代词 (who ， that ， which) 在宾语从句中的用法： eg ：1 ． that 指人或物，在句中作主语或宾语。He is a man that/who often helps others.( 作主语 )2 ． which 指物，在句中作主语或宾语。 eg ：She likes to live in a room which/that is big and bright.( 作主语 )The story which/that she told them was very interesting.( 作宾语 )3 ． who 指人，在句中作主语或宾语。 eg ：Here is the man who/whom/that you would like to see.( 作宾语 )三、注意问题：1 ．关系代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词单复数应与先行词的单复数一致。 eg ：Tom is one of the boys that are from the USA.Tom is the only boy that is from the USA.2 ．关系代词在从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略。关系代词前有介词时，关系代词不能省略。 eg ：Mary is the girl for whom/who( 不可省 ) I'm waiting.This is the story (that/which)( 可以省 ) I read in that book.3 ．当先行词既有人又有物时，引导定语从句的关系代词用 that 而不用who 或 which 。 eg ：They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.一、选择适当的关系代词 that ， which ， who ， whom 填空，完成下列句子。1 ． Who drew the picture _____________ is worth 60 ， 000 yuan?2 ． The man __________ is wearing a sweater is a doctor.3 ． This is a store ____________sells all kinds of clothes.4 ． The...
