单元语法聚焦 ( 六 )被动语态 ( 二 )1 .一般过去时的被动语态:(1) 一般过去时的被动语态的构成: was/were +及物动词的过去分词。eg :The desk was made by my father. 这张桌子是由我的爸爸做的。They were invented by Julie Thompson. 它们是由朱莉 · 汤普森发明的。 (2) 句式变化:肯定句:主语+ was/were +及物动词的过去分词+其他.否定句:主语+ wasn't /weren't +及物动词的过去分词+其他.一般疑问句: Was/Were +主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?回答: Yes ,主语+ was/were.No ,主语+ wasn't/weren't.2 .被动语态主要在下面几种情况中使用:(1) 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁时。 eg :Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。We haven't been told about it. 没有人通知我们这件事。(2) 动作的承受者是谈话的中心 ( 这时可接由 by 引起的短语 ) 。 eg :The book was written by Mo Yan. 这本书是由莫言写的。Man made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 许多国家已向太空发射了人造卫星。(3) 出于礼貌等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。 eg :He was asked to give a talk about how to learn English well. 他被要求作关于怎样学好英语的报告。3 .被动语态的注意事项:(1)“”主语+连系动词+表语 的句子没有被动语态。(2)there be 结构没有被动语态。(3) 主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态。(4) 句子是主谓结构时,没有被动语态。也就是说,不及物动词没有被动语态。(5) 有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语,如果变被动语态,不能把动词后的介词丢掉。 eg :He looks after his younger sister.→His younger sister is looked after by him. 他照看他妹妹。(6) 在主动语态中,在 make , let , hear , see , watch , notice 等词后跟省略 to 的动词不定式,但在被动语态中, to 不可省略。 eg :We saw a stranger enter the hall.→A stranger was seen to enter the hall by us. 我们看到一个陌生人进入了大厅。一、单项选择。( )1.The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he ______ to the hospital.A . takes B . is takenC . too...