句子种类专项 考点知识精讲 句子 种类 陈述句 肯定句 I like apples. 否定句 I don't like bananas. 疑问句 一般疑问句 Do you usually go to school by bike? 选择疑问句 Would you like tea or coffee? 反义疑问句 He finished his homework, didn't he? 特殊疑问句 How often do you play basketball? 祈使句 let 引导的祈使句 Let me help you. 祈使句的否定 Don't eat in class. 加强语气的祈使句 Do be quiet for a moment. 感叹句 what 引导的感叹句 What a brave boy he is! how 引导的感叹句 How beautiful the flowers are! 感叹句的省略 What a brave boy! 陈述句转换为感叹句 She is a good student.—— What a good student she is! what 与 how 引导的感叹句的转换 What an interesting book it is! —— How interesting the book is! 按用途分,句子可分为四种:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 考点一 陈述句 陈述句用来说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。陈述句分为肯定式和否定式两种,句末用句号,读时用降调,有五种基本句型。 1.陈述句的肯定式的形式 (1)主语+系动词+表语 We are happy. 我们很快乐。 注:系动词有三类,具体如下: ①表状态:be, seem, appear(显得),go(变成), stand(坐落),stay(保持), lie(位于), keep(保持) ②表感官:look(看上去), sound(听起来),smell(闻起来), feel(感觉), taste(尝起来) ③表变化:get(变得),become(成为), turn(变成),grow(渐渐变成),come(成为) (2)主语+不及物动词 They are reading. 他们在看书。 (3)主语+及物动词+宾语 I teach English.我教英语。 (4)主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 直接宾语表物,间接宾语表人。一些间接宾语可改成一个由 to 引导的短语(强调动作是“向谁”做的),或由 for 引导的短语(强调动作是“为谁”做的)。 He gave me a book.=He gave a book to me. 他给我一本书。 能带双宾语的动词中多数在间接宾语前加to,这样的动词有:give(给),pass(传、递),take(拿去),bring (带来),show(出示、展现),lend (借给),sell(出售)等。 带双宾语的动词在间接宾语前加for 的动词有: buy(购买), make(制作/造), build(建造), mend (修理),cook(烹饪)等...