外国园林史学习大纲 内容 1、基本概念、名词解释 (1)净土庭院:净土庭院是日本寺院庭院具有“佛教”宗教特色的开始
净土宗的佛寺把殿堂与庭院结合起来以表现“净土”的形象,利用造园艺术的手段把西天极乐世界具体地复现于人间,于是寺院开始园林化,殿堂与庭院融为一体而逐渐形成一种具有宗教意境的园林
(2)池泉庭园:池泉庭院相当于中国的山水园,既有山又有水它是从中国传承到日本最原始的园林模式是日本园林的本质特征从游览方式上池泉庭院分为池泉舟游式,池泉回游式和池泉观赏式三种
(3)摩尔式(Moors)园林:西班牙伊斯兰园林又称摩尔式园林,是指在西班牙境内由摩尔人所创造的、以伊斯兰风格为特征的园林式样
(4)“穆德加尔”(Mudejar)风格:The Mudéjar style, a symbiosis of techniques and ways of understanding architecture resulting from Muslim and Christian cultures living side by side, emerged as an architectural style in the 12th century on the Iberian peninsula
It is characterised by the use of brick as the main material
Mudéjar did not involve the creation of new shapes or structures (unlike Gothic or Romanesque), but the reinterpretation of Western cultural styles through Islamic influences
穆德哈尔风格,技术和