化学专业英语试卷(B)VIP专享VIP免费

商丘师范学院2008——2009学年度第二学期期终考试化学系化学工程与工艺、化学教育、应用化学专业06级本科（化工升本08-1、化学06-1，化学06-2，化工06-1班）《化学专业英语》试卷题号一二三四总分总分人得分说明：本试卷共7页、四道大题，答卷一律在试卷规定处进行，答在其它处不得分。一、词汇：（本题分英译汉和汉译英两部分内容，其中英译汉部分包括20个小题，汉译英部分包括10个小题，将正确答案写在每小题后面的横线上，每小题1分，本题满分30分）1.（20分）（英译汉）(1)carbonate__________(2)monoxide__________(3)aminoacid__________(4)aromatic__________(5)protein__________(6)covalentbond_________(7)rawmaterial__________(8)chemicalshift_________(9)solute__________(10)oxygen__________(11)monatomic__________(12)polymer__________(13)pesticide__________(14)detergent__________(15)donor__________(16)nuclearmagneticresonance__________(17)alkalimetal__________(18)geochemistry__________(19)electrode__________(20)alkene__________2.（10分）（汉译英）(21)无机化学_____________（22）二氧化碳____________(23)配体__________(24)同分异构体__________(25)氯化钠__________(26)酸和碱__________(27)摘要__________(28)离子键__________(29)甲苯__________(30)电子__________二、阅读理解：（本题共3篇短文，15个小题，根据短文内容从各题的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案代码填入题后的括号内。每小题2分，本题满分30分）（一）Thereisevidencethattheusualvarietyofhighbloodpressureis,inpart,afamiliardisease.Sincefamilieshavesimilargenesaswellassimilarenvironments,familiardiseasescouldbeduetosharedgeneticinfluences,tosharedenvironmentalfactors,ortoboth.Forsomeyears,theroleofoneenvironmentalfactorcommonlysharedbyfamilies,namelydietarysalt(i.e.,sodiumchloride),hasbeenstudiedatBrookhavenNationalLaboratory.Thesestudiessuggestthatchromicexcesssaltingestioncanleadtohighbloodpressureinmanandanimals.Someindividuals,however,andsomeratsconsumelargeamountsofsaltwithoutdevelopinghighbloodpressure.Nomatterhowstrictlyallenvironmentalfactorswerecontrolledintheseexperiments,somesalt-fedanimalsneverdevelopedhypertensionwhereasafewrapidlydevelopedveryseverehypertension得分评卷人得分评卷人followedbyearlydeath.Thesemarkedvariationswereinterpretedtoresultfromdifferencesingeneticconstitution.Bymatingissuccessivegenerationsonlythoseanimalsthatfailedtodevelophypertensionfromsaltingestion,aresistantstrain(the"R"Strain)hasbeenevolvedinwhichconsumptionoflargequantitiesofsaltfailstoinfluencethebloodpressuresignificantly.Incontrast,bymatingonlyanimalsthatquicklydevelophypertensionfromsalt,asensitivestrain("S"strain)hasalsobeendeveloped.Theavailabilityofthesetowstrainspermitsinvestigationsnotheretoforepossible.Theyprovideaplausiblelaboratorymodelonwhichtoinvestigatesomeclinicalaspectsofthehumanprototypesofhypertension.Moreimportant,theremightbethepossibilityofdevelopingmethodsbywhichgeneticsusceptibilityofhumanbeingstohighbloodpressurecanbedefinedwithoutwaitingforitsappearance.Radioactivesodium22wasanimportant"tool"inworkingoutthecharacteristicsofthesodiumchloridemetabolism.1.Thestudyoftheeffectsofsaltonhighbloodpressurewascarriedout______（）A)asmembersofthesamefamilytendtousesimilaramountsofsaltB)toexplorethelong-termuseofasodiumbasedsubstanceC)becauseitwasproventhatsaltcausedhighbloodpressureD)becauseoftheavailabilityofchemicallypuresaltanditsderivatives2.Themaindifferencebetween"S"and"R"ratsistheir______.（）A)needforsodium22B)rateofmatingC)reactiontosaltD)typeof...