英美文学简明教程

英美文学简明教程Old and Medieval English Literature（中世纪英语时期文学）I Understanding and application: (理解应用 ) 1. England’s inhabitants are Celts. And it is conquered by Romans（罗马） , Anglo Saxons ( 盎格鲁撒克逊人 )and Normans（日耳曼）. The Anglo-Saxons brought the Germanic language and culture to England, while Normans brought the Mediterranean civilization（地中海文明） , including Greek culture （古希腊文化） , Rome law（罗马法律）and the Christian religion（基督教） . It is the cultural influence of these two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature. 2. The old English literature（古英语文学）extends from about 450 to 1066, the year of the Norman conquest of England. 3. The old English poetry( 古英语诗 ) that has survived can be divided into two groups: The religious group and the secular one(宗教类和世俗类 ) 4. Beowulf（贝尔武夫） : a typical example of Old English poetry is regarded as the national epic(民族史诗 ) of the Anglo-Saxons. It is an example of the mingling of nature myths and heroic legends. 一、 Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里 ?乔叟 1343~1400(首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。 约翰· 德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。)The father of English poetry . Writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. 作品：① 坎特伯雷故事集：first time to use ‘heroic couplet’(双韵体 ) by middle English ② 特罗勒斯与克丽西德③ 声誉之堂④公爵夫人之书⑤ 百鸟议会1. Heroic couplet （英雄双韵体） : Heroic couplet is a rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. it is the most common English meter, in which each foot contains an unaccented syllable and an a...