融情于兰物我合：从墨兰图看郑思肖思想

融情于兰物我合一——从《墨兰图》看郑思肖思想摘要：一直以来，南宋“遗民诗人”郑思肖都被当做忠君爱国精神的代表，人们通过郑氏的诗画创作不断地解读着郑氏思想发展轨迹中爱国的一面。但是，爱国不应该成为郑氏思想发展的终结。本文旨在通过郑思肖的《墨兰图》所表现出的深层次意义，来解析郑思肖作为一个独立个体所体现出的思想发展的轨迹。关键词：墨兰图；郑思肖；爱国；物化Abstract ：All along, the southern song dynasty poet "in the" adherents Zheng Sixiao as loyal patriotism, representatives of the people, through the interpretation of zheng's poetry creation continuously with the trajectory of the cheng thought the patriotic side. However, the end of the patriotic should not become the cheng thought development. The purpose of this paper is to through Zheng Sixiao "moran figure" of deep meaning, to parse Zheng Sixiao as an independent individual reflects the ideas of the development of the track. Key words ：Moran figure; Zheng Sixiao; Patriotic; Physical and chemical 一直以来，郑思肖被界定为“遗民诗人”，诗歌和画作中反映出的爱国思想被后世文人所推崇，明末清初的名士顾炎武借苏州承天寺井中发现《铁函心史》一事，写下《井中心史歌》：有宋遗臣郑思肖，痛哭胡元移九庙。独立难将汉鼎扶，孤忠欲向湘櫐吊。著书一卷称心史，万古此心心此理。千寻幽井置铁函，百拜丹心今未死。胡虏从来无百年，得逢圣祖再开天。黄河已清人不待，沉沉水府留光彩。忽见奇书出世间，有惊胡骑满江山。天知世道将反复，故出此书示臣鹄。三十余年再见之，同心同调复同时。陆公已向崖山死，信国捐躯赴燕市。昔日吟诗吊古人，幽篁落木愁山鬼。呜呼！蒲黄之辈何其多，所南见此当如何![1] 在诗前自序中，顾炎武思念已逝之同道，慨叹“浮沉于世，悲年运之日往，值禁网之逾密，而见贤思齐，独立不惧”[2] ，在极力推崇郑思肖爱国思想的同时，顾炎武积极为自己反清复明的行动打造舆论支撑，成为后世推崇郑氏爱国思想的代表。诚然，郑思肖的诸多诗作和画作鲜明的表现了慨叹南宋灭亡，仇视蒙古入侵中原的忠君爱国思想，但是，爱国绝不是郑氏思想的终结，顾炎武无非是选中郑思肖作为舆论工具，将郑氏思想中的...