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淋巴系统LymphaticSystem淋巴管道：毛细淋巴管、淋巴管、淋巴干、淋巴导管lymphvessel淋巴器官：淋巴结、脾、胸腺、扁桃体lymphaticorgan淋巴组织：含大量淋巴细胞（弥散的和淋巴小结）lymphatictissue组成组成功能功能辅助静脉回流产生淋巴细胞过滤淋巴液参与免疫应答1回收蛋白质运输脂肪及营养物质2清除组织中的红细胞细菌和异物3调节血浆和组织液间的液体平衡4产生淋巴细胞和浆细胞参与免疫反应淋巴回流LymphnodesTheLymphaticSystem淋巴系统ACapVLymphatic-CapillaryLymphaticLymphatictrunksLymphaticducts（淋巴结）（淋巴干）（淋巴导管）（毛细淋巴管）•Aassistantsystemtothevein辅助静脉系统回流CompositionLymphaticvessels淋巴管道–Lymphaticcapillary毛细淋巴管–Lymphvessels淋巴管–Lymphatictrunks(9)淋巴干–Lymphaticducts(2)淋巴导管thoracicduct胸导管rightlymphaticduck右淋巴导管Lymphaticorgans淋巴器官–Lymphnodes淋巴结–spleen脾–thymus胸腺–tonsil扁桃体,Lymphatictissues淋巴组织Featuresofstructure:•Blindend•Singlelayerofoverlappingendothelialcells•Morepermeablethanthatofbloodcapillary•Absentfromavascularstructures,brain,spinalcordsplenicpulpandbonemarrowLymphaticvessels淋巴管道Lymphaticcapillary毛细淋巴管盲端单层重叠内皮细胞比毛细血管通透性更强脑，脊髓，脾髓，骨髓无此结构软骨、上皮、牙釉质、角膜与晶状体等亦无此结构Lymphaticvessel淋巴管FeaturesofstructureThreelayeredwallsimilarto,butthinnerthanvein,MorenumerousvalvesthaninveinInterposedbylymphnodeatintervalalongthecourseArrangedinsuperficialanddeepsetsLymphaticvessels淋巴管道类似三层墙，比静脉细瓣膜远多于静脉中间有淋巴结插入分浅、深两种淋巴管Lymphatictrunks淋巴干rightandleftjugulartrunks(颈干)rightandleftsubclaviantrunks（锁骨下干）rightandleftbronchomediastinaltrunks（支气管纵隔干）rightandleftlumbartrunks（腰干）intestinaltrunk（肠干）Lymphaticvessels淋巴管道Rightlymphaticduct右淋巴导管Formedbyunionofrightjugular,subclavian,andbronchomediastinaltrunksEndsbyenteringtherightvenousangle右静脉角Receiveslymphfromrighthalfofhead,neck,thoraxandrightupperlimbLymphaticducts淋巴导管Lymphaticvessels淋巴管道由右颈干，锁骨下干，支气管纵膈干联合构成收集右半脑，颈部，胸，右上肢的淋巴液Thoracicduct胸导管•BeginsinfrontofL1asadilatedsac,thecisternachyli乳糜池,whichformedbyjoiningofleftandrightlumbartrunksandintestinaltrunk•Enterthoraciccavitybypassingthroughtheaortichiatusofthediaphragmandascendsalongonthefrontofthevertebralcolumn,betweenthoracicaortaandazygosveinLymphaticvessels淋巴管道起源于第一腰椎前方的乳糜池，由左右腰干和肠干联合构成穿过膈上的主动脉裂孔，沿着脊柱前方，在胸主动脉和奇静脉之间上升进入胸腔•Travelsupward,veeringtotheleftatthelevelofT5•Attheroofoftheneck,itturnslaterallyandarchesforwardsanddescendstoentertheleftvenousangle•Justbeforetermination,itreceivestheleftjugular,subclavianandronchomediastinaltrunksLymphaticvessels淋巴管道Thoracicduct胸导管进入胸腔顺时针转入第五胸椎左侧到达颈根部，转至侧面呈弧形弯入左静脉角进入左静脉角前，收集左颈干，左锁骨下干，左支气管纵膈干的淋巴液Thoracicduct胸导管•Justbeforetermination,itreceivestheleftjugular,subclavianandbronchomediastinaltrunks•Drainslymphfromlowerlimbs,pelviccavity,abdominalcavity,leftsideofthorax,andleftsideofthehead,neckandleftupperlimbLymphaticvessels淋巴管道胸导管引流下肢、盆腔、腹腔、左上肢、左胸部和左头颈部的淋巴Lymphnode淋巴结FeaturesBean-shapedbodiesWithafferentlymphvessels输入淋巴管(enteringattheperiphery)andefferentlymphvessels输出淋巴管(emergingatthehi...