buffersystem 缓冲对系统aniongap 阴离子间隙respiratoryacidosis 呼酸metabolicacidosis 代酸hypochloremia 低氯血症hypoxemia 低氧血症hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hyponatremia 低钠血症magnesiumdeficiency 镁缺乏hypomagnesemia 低镁血症hypophosphatemia 低磷血症hypercapnia 高碳酸血症酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱acid-basedisorders 酸碱失衡 acid-basebalance 酸碱平衡 acute/chronicacidosis 急性/慢性酸中毒 acidemia 酸血症acute/chronicalkalosis 急性/慢性碱中毒 alkalemia 碱血症simpleacid-basedisorder 单纯性酸碱失衡 mixedacid-basedisorder 混合性酸碱失衡posthypercapnicmetabolicalkalosis 高碳酸血症后碱中毒diabeticketoacidosis 糖尿病酮症酸中毒 uremia 尿毒症lacticacidosis 乳酸酸中毒saline-responsivealkalosis 盐水反应性碱中毒 saline-resistantalkalosis 盐水抵抗性碱中毒isotonicdehydration 等渗性缺水 hypotonicdehydration 低渗性缺水hypertonicdehydration 高渗性缺水 edema 水肿waterintoxication 水中毒休克shock 休克hemorrhagicshock 失血性休克traumaticshock 创伤性休克septicshock 脓毒性休克shocklung 休克肺shockkidney 休克肾软组织感染furuncle 疖 paronychia 甲沟炎 erysipelas 丹毒 acutephlegmon 急性蜂窝织炎 acutelymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎acutelymphadenitis 急性淋巴结 furunculosis 疖病 carbuncle 痈 abscess 脓肿 acuteulcer 急性溃疡 chroniculcer 慢性溃疡fistulacannulas 瘘管 sinustract 窦道 felon 脓性指头炎外科营养肠外营养parenteralnutrition 或 intravenousnutrition肠内营养 enteralnutrition 代谢性并发症 metaboliccomplications胆汁淤积 cholestasis基础能量消耗 basalenergyexpenditureBEE误吸 aspiration外科手术腹泻 diarrhea手术刀 scalpel刀片 blade刀柄 hilt手术剪 surgicalscissorslumbarvertebrae 腰椎 sternumn. 胸骨 止血钳 hemostaticforceps直血管钳 straightclamp弯血管钳 Kellyclamp蚊式止血钳 mosquitoforceps有齿止血钳 kocherforceps手术镊 forceps组织钳 tissueforcepsorallisforceps持针器 needleholder缝合针 sutureneedle拉钩 retractor巾钳 towelclip环钳 ringforceps不可吸收缝线 nonabsorbablesuture丝线 silksuture切开...
