初中英语语法专题：形容词、 副词的比较等级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级，即原形。比较级，表示“较......”或“更......一些”。最高级，表示“最......”.构成有规则变化和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上 er,est。a)直接加 er,est ：如：high higher highestb)以不发音的字母 e 结尾的词，在词尾加-r 或-st.如：late later latest。c)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母,再加 er,est：如：big bigger biggestd)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 先把 y 改为 i 再加上 er,或 est. 如：easyeasier easiest(2)多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加 more / most. 如：beautiful morebeautiful most beautiful规则变化3、不规则变化:不规则变化4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：(1)原级：讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。基本句型是：●主语+系动词+（very/too/so/quite/rather…) +形容词原形 或主语+ 谓语动词 + (very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 副词原级如：He is very old now.(他现在很老了)They ran quite fast.(它们跑得相当快)The weather looks rather bad.(天气看上去相当糟)I am so happy!(我是如此的快乐)★表示两者之间没有差别（即两者在某方面相同）时,使用句型：●A+ 系动词/谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + B+其它如：He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢)They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)★表示一方在某方面不如（比不上）另一方时,使用句型：●A+ 系动词/谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + B+其它如：He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋)Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢)They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)(2) 比较级句型：★讲述两者有差异,前者在某方面超过后者时,用比较级。基本句型：●A+系动词/谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词...
