㈠ it 作形式主语: it 作形式主语时没有具体的意义,而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去,使句子显得平稳一些。it 作形式主语时,可以代替三种形式:不定式、动名词和主语从句。 ⒈ it 代替不定式短语 常用于下列句型中:It + be +形容词 + (for/of sb.) to do sth. It + be + 名词 + to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干…花了某人…时间 It’s up to sb. to do sth. 干…是某人的职责或义务 ①It is everyone’s duty to obey the law. 遵守法律是每个人的义务。( it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to obey the law) ②It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese. 对于一个外国人来说,学习汉语是困难的。 ( it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to learn Chinese) ③It is not right to use these places as rubbish dumps. 把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。 (it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to use these places as rubbish dumps) ④It took them a year to build the bridge. 建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。( it 作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to build the bridge) ◆ It be + 形容词+ for sb. to do sth.与It be + 形容词+of sb. to do sth.: 如果句型中的形容词描述的是sb.的品质、品格,在逻辑上可以作sb.的表语,则sb.前应用介词of,否则就用for。 ①It’s necessary for us to use a short-w ave radio to pick up the programmes. 我们用一台短波收音机收听这些节目是必要的。 ③It’s kind of you to help me. 感谢你对我的帮助。(= You are kind to help me. ) ④It w as foolish of him to give up the job. 他放弃那工作是愚蠢的。(= He w as foolish to give up the job ⒉ it 代替动名词短语: 动名词作主语用后置形式的情况远不及不定式那么普遍,常限于no good, no use, useless, w aste 等词的后面。 ①It is no good/ use having a car if you can’t drive. 如果你不会开车,有车也没用。( it 作形式主语,代替动名词短语having a car) ②It is a w aste of time w atching TV. 看电视是浪费时间。( it 作形式主语,代替动名词短语w atching TV) ③It is...