直接引语变间接引语的转换

直接引语变间接引语的转换： （一）如何变人称： 口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如： She said. “My brother wants to go with me. ”→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称。如： He said to Kate.“How is your sister now?”→ He asked Kate how her sister was then. “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。如： Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”→ Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. （二）时态的变化 ① 如果引述动词为现在时态，间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态。 He says, “I have been writing a novel.”------- He says that he has been writing a novel. He says:"that's all right."----- He says that's all right. ② 如果引述动词为过去时态，间接引语中的时间就要往后推，即现在时间推至过去时间，过去时间推至过去的过去，将来时间推至过去将来时间。具体变化见下表： 直接引语时态 间接引语时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 Can/may Could/might She said:"I am a student."------- She said (that) she was a student.(一般现在时变成一般过去时) She said："He will go to see his friend"-----She said he would go to see his friend.( 一般将来时变成过去将来时) Tom said:"I am going to play basketball tomorrow." The teacher said, “You are doing OK.” 老师说：“你们干得很不错。” The teacher said we were doing OK. 老师说我们干得很不错。（现在进行时变为过去进行时） She said, “I am reading a book." I asked her, “Whe...