直接引语和间接引语的转换 作者:loveyourlife 2006-10-07 21:04 星期六 晴 直接引语是直接引述别人的原话,原话要有引号。直接引语变间接引语实际上是转述他人的陈述、疑惑或问题,不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。 一、注意动词的变化 一般说来,主句谓语动词常为said 或said to,变为间接引语时,当直接引语是陈述句时,said 变为said(that),而said to sb 则变为told sb。当直接引语是一般疑问句和特殊疑问句时,则要变为asked/asked sb+if/whether 或asked sb+what 等特殊疑问词引导的句子。例如: He said to me, “She is a nurse.” → He told me she was nurse He asked, “Can you come here?” → He asked me whether/if I could go there. 二、注意人称的变化 由直接引语变间接引语时,从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。①直接引语的主语是第一人称变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。②如果直接引语的主语是第二人称变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。③如果直接引语的主语是第三人称变为间接引语时,人称不变。例如: She said to Jack, “How are you feeling now?” → She asked Jack how he was feeling then. “Have they tasted the mixture?” he asked. → He asked if they had tasted the mixture. 三、注意动词时态的变化 1. 直接引语变为间接引语时,如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语从句的时态保持不变。例如: 【考例】Can you make sure ________ the gold ring? (90 全国) A. where Alice had putB. where had Alice put C. where Alice has putD. where has Alice put 【解析】首先考虑的是间接引语部分需使用陈述词序,故排除B 和D。其次考虑的是时态问题。因为主句使用了一般现在时,如果选择 A,使用过去完成时,在这个句子并没有过去时间作参照点,因此不能使用过去完成时。故选 C。 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态。例如: 【考例】— Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. — Oh! I thought they ________ without me.(05 江西卷) A. wentB. are goingC. have goneD. had gone 【解析】thought...