文章整顿人：风过无痕整顿时间：专四 必备语法 一、时态、语态 时态、语态需要掌握要点：旳1.体现未来时形式：旳 (1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般目前时替代未来时，但要注意区别从句类型，如：旳I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来 。(宾语从句)比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打 时我告诉他。(状语从句)(2)在 make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后旳 that 从句中，谓语动词用一般目前时替代未来时，如：See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用 will include 或其他形式)2.完毕时是时态测试重点，注意与完毕时连用句型和时间状语：旳旳 (1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +体现过去发生状况从句，主句用过去完毕旳时。如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(体现 19 时已发生状况旳) (2)by +未来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般目前时从句，主句用未来完毕时。如：旳By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或详细数字)years/days/months，主句用目前完毕时,如：The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.但在 it is +详细时间 since/before 这一句型中，主句更多时候不用完毕时。旳It is four years since John left school.(4)在 It is the +序数词/形容词最高级+that定语从句中，谓语动词常用目前完毕时。如：旳 It isn’t the first time that I have found myself in an embarrassing situation.(5)在 no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…...
