栀子不同提取方法对其有效成分的影响比较

摘要摘要：本论文详细的研究了栀子中所含两种主要成分栀子黄色素和栀子甙的提取及精制工艺。栀子粗提液中含有大量的栀子黄色素、梔子甙及糖类、酚类等物质，利用两相溶剂萃取法将栀子黄色素和栀子甙进行初步分离，黄色素主要集中在有机相中，栀子甙主要富集于水相液中。直接采用溶质沉降的方法获得高色价的栀子黄色素，色价值可达到 500 以上，且 OD 值小于 0.2。经两相溶剂萃取后剩余水相液中富集了大量栀子甙，利用大孔吸附树脂对梔子甙进行精制，并采用标准曲线法对其纯度进行分析，结果表明，栀子甙纯度可达 90％以上。本论文开发了栀子黄色素和栀子甙提取和精制的新方法与传统方法进行比较的同时，详细考察了提取溶剂、提取液固比、提取时间、提取温度等提取条件对提取率及黄色素和栀子甙选择性的影响考察了萃取剂种类、萃取剂体积、萃取级数、萃取剂浓缩程度等对栀子黄色素质量的影响，考察了大孔吸附树脂法纯化栀子甙工艺中的影响因素。采用溶质沉降的方法精制梔子黄色素，同传统方法相比不需过大孔吸附树脂，过程简单，生产周期短；采用先从萃取液中分离栀子黄色素可有效的简化栀子甙的分离和纯化过程，与直接用大孔吸附树脂法相比大大减少了上柱液的体积和大孔吸附树脂的用量，并使树脂的回用简单化，有效提高了栀子甙的纯度。两相溶剂萃取和大孔树脂吸附相结合纯化栀子有效成分是一种成熟、有效、非常具有市场价值的实用技术。关键词：栀子，梔子黄色素，栀子甙，大孔吸附树脂AbstractThe extraction and purification of gardenia yellow pigment and gardenoside from Gardenia jasminoides were studied in detail in this paper. The crude extract of Gardenia jasminoides contains a lot of Gardenia yellow, gardenoside, sugar, phenols and other substances. The gardenia yellow and gardenoside were separated preliminarily by two-phase solvent extraction. The yellow pigment was mainly concentrated in organic phase, and gardenoside was mainly concentrated in aqueous phase. The gardenia yellow pigment with high color value can be obtained by solute precipitation directly. Its color value can reach more than 500 and OD value is less than 0.2. After two-phase solvent extractio...