青少年篮球运动员心理素质的训练方法探析

摘 要篮球运动是一项直接对抗型集体项目，其竞争激烈且场上形势瞬息莫测、千变万化，这就需要场上的球员，不仅具有一定的专业技术，还需要具有较强心理素质，沉着冷静的面对可能出现的各种问题。本文运用逻辑分析法和文献资料法对青少年篮球运动员心理素质的特点、作用和方法进行探究。本文研究表明：青少年篮球运动员在教学训练中心理素质的特点主要表现为枯燥感、厌倦感、恐惧感，在比赛中的特点主要表现为过度紧张、情绪不稳定、过度兴奋。青少年篮球运动员心理紧张的原因有对技术动作的掌握较差、教练对运动员的评价较低、参与比赛的次数较少以及运动员自身反思的情况。青少年篮球运动员心理素质训练的作用主要有提高技能学习速度，改善技术动作；调整和转变不合理的信念和想法；提高适应性和训练质量；克服恐惧，克制焦虑；减缓疲劳，强化意志品质；掌握和增强放松的方法。青少年篮球运动员心理素质训练的方法主要有表象训练法、认知训练法、模拟训练法、暗示训练法等。关键词：青少年；篮球运动员；心理素质训练AbstractBasketball is a direct confrontation type collective project, the fierce competition and the market situation is uncertain, this moment the myriads of changes on the field, need players, not only has a professional technology, but also need to have strong psychological quality, calm in the face of various possible problems. This paper probes into the characteristics, functions and methods of psychological quality of juvenile basketball players by means of logical analysis and literature review. This study shows that the characteristics of the psychological quality of juvenile basketball players in teaching and training is mainly manifested as boring, boredom, fear, features in the game is mainly manifested as excessive stress, emotional instability, excessive excitement. The reasons for the psychological stress of young basketball players are the lack of mastery of the technical movements, the low evaluation of the coaches to the athletes, the less number of participating in...