小学语法---形容词和副词

知识要点：一．形容词、副词的概念形容词：我们把用来修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。形容词主要描述人或者事物的性质、特征和状态。副词：说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、等含义的词，我们称之为副词。多用来修饰动词或整个句子。二．形容词、副词的用法1.形容词一般在句中作定语，放在名词或代词前面，都含有“……的〞意思。如：a nice watch 一只美丽的手表 an empty box 一个空箱子a clever boy 一个聪慧的男孩 a beautiful girl 一个美丽的女孩delicious food 可口的食物 an interesting book 一本有趣的书a blue car 一辆蓝色的小汽车 an exciting speech 一次令人兴奋的演讲注意：形容词在修饰 someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing 等不定代词时，需要置于其后。如：something important (重要的事情) nothing interesting (没有什么有趣的)2.形容词作表语〔有些形容词只能作表语，放在系动词之后〕 These flowers are blue. 这些花是蓝色的。 Bob looks smart today. 今日鲍勃看上去很精神。有些形容词只能作表语，放在系动词之后, 如：asleep / alike / ill 等 The boy is asleep. Lucy and Lily look alike. Her mother is ill.3.形容词做宾语补足语，放在宾语之后(常用动词有 make / paint / keep / find / want / like 等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。We must keep our classroom clean.Do you like your tea weak or strong?The boy was beaten black and blue.4.形容词与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、距离〞的词连用时，常放在后面。 Tom is 1.7 meters tall. My father is 30 years old. The school is 100 meters away.5.副词多用来修饰动词，可以放在句子的前面、中间、或最后。1时间soon / now / only /finally / onceearly / late / before / after …5频度always / often / never / seldom2地点here / nearby / outside / above6疑问how / where / when / why3方式Badly / quietly / fast / slowly7连接how / when / where / why / whether4程度nearly / very / quite / rather8关系when / where / why They live happily. (happily 欢乐...