Unit 1 Back to school一、句子成分构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。[观察例句]观察黑体部分在句中所作的成分1.The early bird catches the worm.定语 , 谓语 2.They are birds of a feather.定语3.I heard the birds singing.宾语补足语4.She bought the bird a cage.宾语5.This is a picture.表语6.The manager asked the college student to come in.主语7.Light travels most quickly.状语[归纳用法]1.主语(subject)主语是一个句子所叙述的主体、动作的发出者,一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等构成。To swim in the river is a great pleasure.在河里游泳是件快乐的事。When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.我们将什么时候进行英语测试仍然没决定。2.表语(predicative)表语说明主语的身份、特征和状态,在系动词(be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem 等)之后。表语由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句构成。His job is to teach English.他的工作就是教英语。The truth is that he has never been abroad.事实就是他从来都没出过国。3.宾语(object)宾语是动作的施加对象或承受者,在及物动词后,或“不及物动词+相应介词”后。宾语由名词性的词充当。宾语按词性分为:动词宾语和介词宾语,分别构成动宾结构和介宾结构。I think (that) he is fit for his office.我认为他适合做办公室工作。有些动词后边需要跟双宾语,指人的是间接宾语;指物的是直接宾语。Lend me your dictionary,please.请把你的词典借给我(用一下)。4.宾语补足语(object complement)有些及物动词,除有宾语以外,还需有一个宾语补足语,才能使句子的意义完整。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句来充当。Do you consider him trustworthy?你认为他可靠吗? We found everything in the lab in good order.我们发现实验室的一切井然有序。5.定语(attribute)修饰名词、代词的词称为定语。可由单词、短语、从句充当。定语有形容词的特征。Guilin is a beautiful city.桂林是个美丽的城市。He is reading an article about how t...