2024 年考研英语翻译技巧之代词 (一)人称代词及物主代词的指代 Additional social stress may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movementsthemselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. 从结构来看，该句 because of 的后边接两个名词短语 the population explosion 和 problems arising from mass migration movementsthemselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport 来表示原因。其中，第二个名词短语又含有一个短语 themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport,来补充说明mass migration movements。因此，这里的代词 themselves 指代名词短语 mass migration movements。 由于人口的猛增或大量的人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流通变得相对容易)造成的种种问题也回对社会造成新的压力。 (二)不定代词的`指代 While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. 不定代词 one 指代名词短语 definition of history。在这里 one 和物主代词及人称代词在指代名词方面有所不同, one 指代上文出现的名词的同类名词，其中，one 表示单数ones 表示复数;而物主代词及人称代词必须指代上文中出现的名词本身，所以单复数必须一致。比如这里若要用人称代词，则必须用 they/them 来指代上文中复数形式的 definitions of history。 几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定，但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为历史学是试图重现过去的重大史实并对其作出解释。 (三)指示代词的指代 Everybody has a responsibility to the society of which he is a part and through this to mankind. 这 里 的 this 指 代 前 面 的 a responsibility to the society，假如只是译成这个，则会造成语义不明。在 to mankind 之前省去了 Everybody has a responsibility (to)。 每个人都对他所属的社会负有责任，并且通过对社会负责任，而对人类负有责任。
