Unit10signalconditioner信号调理器electricmotor电动机solenoid螺线管electromechanically机电地asolid-statedevice含半导体的固体设备actuatesolenoidvalve启动电磁阀cylinder气缸sequentialcontrolsystem顺序控制系统rinse漂洗steppermotor步进电动机servomotor伺服电动机electricstove电炉ceramicfiber陶瓷on-off开关式proportional（throttling）节流式tocomplicatematters很复杂的是linespecification管线规格inletpressure入口压力differentialpressure差压flowcharacteristicsofthevalve阀的流量特性linear，equalpercentage，quick-opening线性，等百分比，快开fail-safemode故障安全模式fail-closed/openvalve气关/开型bellowseals波纹管密封vendor卖方，厂家threeway/angle/gate/diaphragm/pinch/rotary/ball/butterfly/plugvalve三通/角阀/闸阀/隔膜阀/夹管阀/旋钮阀/球阀/蝶阀/柱塞阀flanged/threaded/weldedconnections法兰连接/线接/焊接castiron铸铁coolingfins散热片packing填料deformable变形的chemicallyinert化学惰性leakage泄露hydraulicactuator液动执行机构pneumaticactuator气动执行机构modulate调制，调节vent排放elastic有弹性的Unit11processmodelingandsystemidentification过程建模和系统辨识mathematicalmodel数学模型input-outputrelationship输入输出关系tremendousprocess巨大的几步heattransfercoefficient热传导系数chemicalreactionrate化学反应速率dampingfactor阻尼系数optimalandadaptivecontroltheories最优化和自适应控制理论time-varyingparameter时变参数communicationchannelprobing通信信道探测systemandfaulttesting系统和故障检测econometrics计量经济学havelongsought一直寻求。。。endogenousvariables内生变量exogenousvariables外生变量physiology生理学aman-machineenvironment人机环境metabolism新陈代谢ecology生态学transportation交通学sociology社会学yield给出，产出prioriknowledge先验知识thecompleteidentificationproblem完全辨识blackboxproblem黑箱问题partialidentificationproblem部分辨识greyboxproblem灰箱问题nonlinear非线性assumption假设，想象associatedcoefficients相关系数derive导出astatistical-estimationproblem数据估计问题specifyandparameterize指定并且参数化weightingfunction权函数differentialequation差分方程statevariableequation状态方程parameterestimationmethodology参数估计法themethodsofmaximumlikelihood最大似然法leastsquares最小二乘法cross-correlation互相关instrumenttalvariable辅助变量stochasticapproximation随机近似errorcriterion误差准则off-line/on-lineidentification离/在线辨识recursively迭代的，递归的dataset数据集on-linereal-timeidentification在线实时辨识Unit12state-spacemodels状态空间模型input-outputmodels输入输出模型spectraldensity谱密度covariancefunctions协方差函数drumboiler气鼓锅炉undernocircumstance无论如何balanceforforce/moment/mass/energy/constructiveequations力/力矩/质量/能量/构成平衡方程physicalinterpretation物理解释parameterestimation参数估计iterative重复的反复的transientorfrequency-responseanalysis瞬时或者频率响应crudeestimation粗略估计sinusoids正弦white-noisedisturbance白噪声干扰postulate假定probabilisticarguments概率参量discrete-timesystem离散系统generalizederror广义误差predictionerror预测误差asteroidCeres谷神星座optimizationproblem最优化问题theprincipleofleastsquares最小二乘基本原理theminimizationproblemofthesumofsquaresoftheerror误差平方和最小化问题stochasticprocess随机过程statisticalparameter-estimationproblem数据参数估计问题frequency-responseanalysis频率响应分析transient-responseanalysis瞬时响应分析quadratic二次型的theleast-squaremethodwithextensions扩张最小二乘法convergence收敛性scrutinize仔细检查核查probabilitydensity概率密度Unit13句子...
