Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures——省略为了避免重复,将句子中的一个或几个成分省去,这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避免重复突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。英语中的省略有下列几种情况。一、简单句的省略[合作探究]①(You) Go down this street and turn right at the second crossing.请(你)沿着这条街走,然后在第二个十字路口向右拐。②(Is there) Anything else?(还有)其他东西吗?③—Are you from America?—Yes,I am (from America).——你来自美国吗?——是的,我是(来自美国)。④What a beautiful city (it is)!(这是)多么美丽的城市呀![自主发现]① 祈使句的省略。在祈使句中,通常省略主语 you。② There be 句型省略 There__be。③疑问句的答语省略。④感叹句的省略。在 what 和 how 引起的感叹句中常省略主语和 be 动 词。二、并列句中的省略[合作探究]①Tom picked up the book from the floor and (Tom) handed it to his brother.汤姆从地板上捡起书并把它递给了他的哥哥。②His performance made us amused,but (his performance made) himself tired.他的表演使我们高兴,但是使他自己很累。③Xiaoming must have been playing football at that time,and his sister (must have been) playing the piano.那时小明一定在踢足球,而他妹妹一定在弹钢琴。[自主发现]① 省略共同的主语或宾语。②若主语与谓语相同,则省略后面的主谓成分。③若主语不同,而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同,则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。三、复合句中的省略1.定语从句的省略[合作探究 1]Here is the man (whom) you’ve been looking for.这位就是你一直在找的人。[自主发现 1]如果关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,则关系代词可以省略。2.宾语从句的省略[合作探究 2]He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要,我们应该用心学习。I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city).我知道一个电影明星要来我们城市,但我不知道他什么时候来。[自主发现 2](1)及物动词后接宾语从句时,连接词 that 一般可以省略,但如果及物动词后接两个或...