英语必修 4 译林牛津 Unit 1 精品学案(直接引语和间接引语讲练)直接引语和间接引语一. 定义交际中我们常常需要引述别人说的话,一种是一字不差地直接引用别人的话,放在引号内,称为直接引语(The Direct Speech), 另一种是间接地引述别人的话,称为间接引语( The Indirect Speech)。例如:He said, “I will choose a book from my students.” 他说:“我将为学生选一本书。”= He said that he would choose a book from his student. 他说他将为学生选一本书。二. 直接引语与间接引语的转化1. 标点符号的变化:He said to me, “Don’t live in London!” = He told me not to live in London.2. 语序的变化: 疑问语序变为陈述语序。He said to me, “Do you live in London?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London.3. 动词的变化: say (to) 在陈述句中多变为 tell 等词,在疑问句中多变为 ask 等词,在祈使句中表示命令多变为 tell, order 等词,表请求时多变为 ask 等词。He said to me, “Could you please live in London?” = He asked me if/whether I could live in London. = He asked me to live in London.4. 连接词的变化:连接1. 陈述句用 that 连接He said to me, “I live in London.”= He told me that he lived in London. 1词2. 一般(选择,反意)疑问句用 if 或 whether 连接 He said to me, “Do you live in London?” = He asked me if/whether I lived in London.He asked me, “Do you live in London or Paris?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London or Paris.He asked me, “You live in London, don’t you?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London.3. 特殊疑问句仍用原来的特殊疑问词连接 He said to me, “When do you live in London?”= He asked me when I lived in London.5. 时态的变化:时态变化1. 如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时态,间接引语中的动词时态保持不变。 He says, “I live in London.”= He says that he lives in London.He says, “I have lived in London for years.”= He says that he has ...