高中英语 Unit1（直接引语和间接引语讲练）学案 译林牛津版必修4

英语必修 4 译林牛津 Unit 1 精品学案（直接引语和间接引语讲练）直接引语和间接引语一. 定义交际中我们常常需要引述别人说的话，一种是一字不差地直接引用别人的话，放在引号内，称为直接引语（The Direct Speech）, 另一种是间接地引述别人的话，称为间接引语( The Indirect Speech)。例如：He said, “I will choose a book from my students.” 他说：“我将为学生选一本书。”= He said that he would choose a book from his student. 他说他将为学生选一本书。二. 直接引语与间接引语的转化1. 标点符号的变化：He said to me, “Don’t live in London!” = He told me not to live in London.2. 语序的变化： 疑问语序变为陈述语序。He said to me, “Do you live in London?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London.3. 动词的变化： say (to) 在陈述句中多变为 tell 等词，在疑问句中多变为 ask 等词，在祈使句中表示命令多变为 tell, order 等词，表请求时多变为 ask 等词。He said to me, “Could you please live in London?” = He asked me if/whether I could live in London. = He asked me to live in London.4. 连接词的变化：连接1. 陈述句用 that 连接He said to me, “I live in London.”= He told me that he lived in London. 1词2. 一般（选择，反意）疑问句用 if 或 whether 连接 He said to me, “Do you live in London?” = He asked me if/whether I lived in London.He asked me, “Do you live in London or Paris?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London or Paris.He asked me, “You live in London, don’t you?”= He asked me if/whether I lived in London.3. 特殊疑问句仍用原来的特殊疑问词连接 He said to me, “When do you live in London?”= He asked me when I lived in London.5. 时态的变化：时态变化1. 如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时态，间接引语中的动词时态保持不变。 He says, “I live in London.”= He says that he lives in London.He says, “I have lived in London for years.”= He says that he has ...