高中英语 Unit2《English around the World》Learning about Language学案 新人教版必修1

Unit 2《English around the World》Period Two Learning about Language直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ)语法规则(祈使句改为间接引语)1．根据祈使句的语气，如果是强制性的，如军官、警官对下级，老板对雇员等，把 say 改为order 或 demand；如是同级之间一般性的语气，则改为 tell；如遇客气的请求，则改为 ask，但时态均不变。2．把祈使的对象放在 order，demand，tell，ask 后面，作其宾语。3．把祈使句的动词原形改为不定式 to do 或 not to do，放在宾语后面，并去掉引号。4. 如祈使句中有代词，要视具体情况作相应的变化，如 your→his/her，this→that，总的原则是使所指不变。5．祈使句改为间接引语后，成了一个简单句子，整个句子结构为：主语＋order/demand/tell/ask＋sb.＋to do/not to do sth.。 “Take off your boots！”the guard said to Hill.→The guard ordered Hill to take off his boots.Mrs.Black said to the students angrily，“Don’t make any noise！”→Mrs.Black ordered the students not to make any noise.Father said to me，“Look after your little sister.”→Father told me to look after my little sister.“Please help me carry this box，”she said to John.→She asked John to help her carry that box.【拓展】 直接引语若为祈使句(通常表示命令、要求、建议等)，变为间接引语时，常构成简单句型“引述动词 ask/tell/order/advise/warn/remind/etc.＋名(代)词宾语＋(not)不定式”。其中，引述动词根据说话者的语气来确定。“Remember to switch off all the lights，”she said.→She reminded me to switch off all the lights.“Don’t make a mess in the kitchen，”she said to him.→She asked/told/warned him not to make a mess in the kitchen.“You’d better hurry，Bill，”she said.→She advised Bill to hurry.注意：祈使句句型变化注意事项：（1）直接引语中的称呼语是祈使的对象，改为间接引语时，常作引述动词的宾语。如原句中没有称呼语，通常要加上宾语如 me，him，us 等。He said，“Go and tell her，Tom.”→He told Tom (me) to go and tell her.(2)直接引语中如果有表示客气的 please 或表示强调的助动词 do，改...