高中英语泛指与特指的转换与活用VIP专享

高中英语泛指与特指的转换与活用_ 泛指和特指是每年高考必考的一组概念，在英语中广泛使用。泛指是指普遍、不确定的人或事物，而特指则是指具体、特定的人或事物。在实践中，这两个概念是可以灵活运用且相互转换的。下面分几个方面谈谈： 一、泛指与特指的多种表达 说起泛指，我们马上想起不定冠词(a/an)，其实不带冠词的不可数名词和复数名词都可以表泛指， 有些表不定概念的限定词(another, some, a few, most, enough, hundreds of, plenty of 等 )也可以充当这个作用。例如： I want to buy a book/some books. Books are of great use. Air is all around us. I will stay there for a few days/another few days. 特指常常由定冠词(the)或表特定概念的限定词(物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等)来充当。假如将中国的第二大河流说成 Chinas the second longest river 是不妥当的， 因为 Chinas 和 the 在特指的概念上是重复的。那个门破了的教室既可以译成 the classroom whose door is broken 也可以说成 the classroom the door of which is broken，因为 door 前应该有个表特指的限定词。同样，with ones help/ take ones place 可能在另一场合会变成 with the help of/ take the place of。 在表达倍数时，我们常常看到这样一个公式：倍数 + the + 名词(size/height/ length) + of 。假如把它改为倍数 + 表特指的名词/代词就可以更好理解的下面的句子了： ① The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. (that=the size) ② I offer ten times the money that Antonia has borrowed. =I offer ten times what Antonia has borrowed. (what=the money that 定语从句) ③ You cant imagine that rats eat 40 to 50 times their weight.(their weight=the weight of rats) 二、泛指与特指的转化 泛指与特指在不同的语境中并非一成不变，它们是可以转换的。 (一)泛指转化为特指 1.① I spent many happy hours with them. ② This picture reminds me of the many happy hours I spent with them. 2.① I bought a few books in the bookstore. ② The few books I bought in the bookstore...