课题：定义：在转述他人的话、观点或看法时，常常使用转述结构，转述结构也叫间接引语。在转述别人的话时，需要注意以下几方面：一、句子结构的变化1) 如果转述的话是陈述句，转述结构 一般由转述动词+ (sb +) that 从句构成。如：He said, “I’ll give you an examination next Monday.” →He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 此外类似的转述动词还有：repeat, admit, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think 等，又如： 1)He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic.2)The judge declared that they were innocent and should be set free right away. 2) 如果转述的话为一般疑问句，转述时要用连词 whether 或 if 引导。这样的转述动词主要有 ask, wonder, inquire 等。如：He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” →He asked (me) whether/ if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.3) 转述的话为祈使句时，转述时要用带 to 的不定式表达，这样的转述动词有：ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request 等。如：“Never come here again!” said the officer nearby. →The officer nearby ordered them never to go there again.4)当转述的话形式上是疑问句，有表示“请求，建议”意义时，可用 ask sb to do sth /suggest doing/advise sb to do sth 等形式转述。如： “Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. →He asked me to open the door.“Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us. →He advised us to go out for a walk. He suggested going out for a walk.二、时态的变化1) 如果转述内容是以宾语从句的形式出现，则应注意正确使用宾语从句中的时态，注意保持从句和主语谓语动词在时态方面的一致性。主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即转述部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），如：He told me that he would take two days off work.The boy admitted that he had made a mistake.2) 直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变...
