被动语态的构成

被动语态的构成1．被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词2．各种时态的主动被动语态结构(以动词 do 为例)时态主动语态被动语态例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/ doesam/ is/ are＋doneWe clean the classroom.The classroom is cleaned by us.一般过去时didwas/ were＋doneHe made the kite.The kite was made by him.现在进行时am/ is/are＋doingam/ is/ are＋being doneShe is watering flowers.Flowers are being watered by her.现在完成时have/has＋donehave/ has＋been doneJim has finished the work.The work has been finished by Jim.一般将来时will/ shall/ be going to ＋dowill/ shall/ be going to＋be doneThey will plant trees tomorrow.Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.过去进行时was/ were＋doingwas/ were＋being＋doneShe was writing a letter this time yesterday.A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.过去完成时had＋donehad＋doneJim had finished the work.The work had been finished by Jim.过去将来时would/ should/ be going to＋dowould/should/ be going to＋doHe said he would made a kite.He said a kite would be made by him.含有情态动词 can/ may/ must＋docan/may/must＋be＋doneI can find him.He can be found by me.（二）被动语态的用法被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况1．不知道动作的执行者是谁。e.g.This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。2．没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。e.g.More trees must be planted every year.每年必须有更多的树被种植。3．需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语(强调汉语的使用广泛)。4．动作的发出者不是人时。e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.很多房屋在洪水中被冲走了。（三）主动语态和被动语态的转换1．主动语态变被动语态： （1）要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变主格。 （2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由 by 引导。 （3）谓语动词变成相应...