题 目：复杂断面重轨在线无损检测系统设计——利用虚拟仪器实现超声波探伤复杂断面重轨在线无损检测系统设计——利用虚拟仪器实现超声波探伤摘 要目前国内生产的超声波探伤仪主要是以微处理器为核心，以大规模集成芯片为外围电路的智能化仪器。这类仪器硬件电路设计复杂，硬件成本高，设计周期长，而且仪器的功能和性能受到硬件的约束，如探伤仪难以直接推断缺陷的性质，升级需要从硬件着手等。针对这些缺点，本设计采纳虚拟仪器技术设计了一台虚拟超声波探伤仪。这种仪器是指由计算机、虚拟仪器软件、通用接口硬件组成的测试系统。它从根本上克服了传统仪器的上述缺点，利用了计算机的资源，实现了仪器的高度智能化。设计分成两部分。一部分是硬件设计，其作用是传统超声波探伤仪发射超声波，对重轨进行测量后，PCI-6221 数据采集卡接收缺陷回波信号，并发送给计算机。另一部分是软件设计，该部分包括用户界面设计和缺陷信号的处理与显示等。关键词：虚拟仪器；超声波探伤；数据采集The Design of Online Nondestructive Testing System of Complex Cross-section Heavy Rail——Using Virtual Instrument to Achieve Ultrasonic Flaw DetectionAbstractThe current domestic production of ultrasonic flaw detector takes the main microprocessor as the core and a large-scale integrated circuit chips as the external intelligence apparatus. Such equipment has a complex circuit design for hardware, high cost of hardware, long design cycles, the equipment functionality and performance are bound by the hardware at the same time, such as it is very difficult to determine the defect for detectors, hardware is needed for upgrade, and so proceed.For these shortcomings, the design of a virtual instrument technology designed a virtual ultrasonic flaw detector. The equipment includes computer, the software of virtual instrument and common interface hardware. It fundamentally overcomes the above-mentioned shortcomings of the traditional apparatus, uses the computer resources, realizes highly intelligent of the apparatus.The d...
