2025 维生素 D 与新生儿支气管肺发育不良关系的讨论进展（全文）摘要支气管肺发育不良是早产儿最常见并发症之一，主要病理特征是肺泡及肺 微血管的发育不良。维生素 D 是一种类固醇激素，通过与维生素 D 受体 结合，发挥保护肺泡上皮屏障功能、促进肺血管化、抑制肺纤维化、调节 免疫功能及修复损伤的肺上皮细胞等作用，有利于早产儿肺发育及肺功能 的改善。因此，监测围生期维生素 D 水平并进行适宜剂量的补充治疗，有 望成为降低中重度支气管肺发育不良发生及改善早产儿肺发育的途径之 一。Progress on the relationship between vitamin D and neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasiaBronchopulmonary dysplasia is one of the most common complications of preterm infants.The main pathologicalfeature is dysplasia of the alveoli and pulmonary microvessels.Vitamin D is a steroid hormone. By binding to vitamin D receptors, it can protect the barrier function of alveolar epithelium, promote pulmonary vascularization, inhibit pulmonary fibrosis, regulate immune function, and repair damaged lung epithelial cells.It is beneficial to lung development and the improvement of lung function in preterm infants.Therefore, monitoring the level of vitamin D in the perinatal period and supplementing with appropriate doses is expected to be one of the ways to reduce the occurrence of moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and improve the lung development of preterm infants.支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dysplasia， BPD)是小胎龄早产 儿常见肺部疾病，需长期依赖氧气及机械通气治疗，幸存者也留有不同程 度肺功能障碍及气道高反应等远期呼吸系统不良结局的风险，该病严重影 响患儿远期生存质量，目前仍缺乏有效的防治手段。维生素 D(vitamin D， VitD)通过促进血管生成、抗炎及抑制肺纤维化等机制，促进肺泡发育、加 速损伤后肺修复，故 VitD 缺乏与肺血管形成障碍、肺泡发育障碍、肺炎 症级联反应、肺纤维化有关，脐血 VitD 缺乏使早产风险显著增加，极低 出生体重儿(very low birth weight infantsVLBWI)罹患 ...
