中考从句总复习(5 页)Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。定语从句复习一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。二、关系词：关系代词和关系副词在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又是定语从句的成分。关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose；关系副词：where，when，why。三、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以指人，也可以指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜爱轻柔的音乐。（作主语）The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（作宾语）2. which 只用于指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）3. who，whom 用于指人，who 用作主语，whom 用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用 who代替 whom，可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 常常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）Who is the teacher（who/whom）Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）注意：（1）当 which，who，whom 在定语从句中是作为介词的宾语时，假如介词没有提前，which，who，whom 可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year. / This is the house (which) we lived in last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me the name of the person from whom you borrowed the English novel. /Please tell me the name of the person (whom) you borrowed the English novel from. 请告诉我借你这本英文小说的人的名字。（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。（3）that ...
