初中一般现在时与现在进行时语法详解及习题(10 页)Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精,善益求善。一般现在时一、概述一般现在时表示习惯性、常常性、反复性的动作或存在的状态。“习惯性、常常性、反复性”是一般现在时的三大特性,它不表示特定时间内发生的事。用法:1)常常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now.2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV.3)表示客观真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.二、一般现在时的结构时态的结构指的是动词的变化形式。一般现在时间有两种结构,一种是动词原形,用于主语为非第三人称时的情况;另一种为动词的第三人称单数形式,用于主语为第三人称时的情况。Eg1.We often get up early in the morning.Eg2.My father often gets up early in the morning.三、谈谈“主语为三单,其后动词 s 添”在一般现在时中,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。可以简单叙述为“主语为三单,其后动词 s 添”。何谓第三人称单数?用一句话概括就是“非你、非我、非复数”,如 he, she, it, my father, my mother, my sister, our English teacher, Tom, Mike, Liu Jia, China, my book, etc.Eg3.He sometimes goes to school by bike.Eg4.My father works in the hospital as a doctor.四、动词第三人称单数变化规则动词第三人称变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。规则一、一般在词尾加-s。如:looks, puts. reads, sees, skis 等。规则二、以-o, -s, -x, -sh, -ch 结尾的加-es。如:goes, does, misses, passes, mixes, fixes, pushes, wishes, watches, teaches,等。规则三、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的,变 y 为 i,再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加 y才变,若是元音字母加 y,则直接加-s。如:fly → flies, try → tries, fry → fries, copy → copiesbuy → buys, enjoy → enjoys, play → plays, say → says, pay → pays 五、一般现在时的句子转换(1)当句子中有 be 动词或情态动词时,则把 be 动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成一般疑问句;在 be 动词...