一、时态讲解:现在完成时〔1〕构成:现在完成时由助动词 have +过去分词构成,助动词 have 有人称和数的变化
第三人称单数用has,其余用 have
现在完成时的否认式直接在助动词后面加上 not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前
以 study 为例,其否认式、疑问式和简单答复形式如下:否认式疑问式I have not (haven’t) studied
Have I studied
"You have not (haven’t) studied
Have you studied
"He has not (hasn’t) studied
Has he studied
"否认疑问式简单答复〔肯定/否认〕Have I not (Haven’t I) studied
"Yes, you have
No, you haven’t
Have you not (Haven’t you) studied
"Yes, I have
No, I haven’t
Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied
"Yes, he has
No, hn’ has〔2〕用法:1〕现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响
My daughter has just gone 我 OUt 儿刚出去
I’m sure we’ve met befo 我肯定我们以前见过面
She has arrived
2〕表示持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在的表示一段时间的状语连用,如 recently,already, juately, for
, siyncte…
,如:I haven’t heard from her these 这些 s 日子我没有收到她的信
We haven’t seen you rece