牛津译林版八年级下册被动语态专项练习

一、各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：am / is/ are+动词过去分词Cars are made by them.一般过去时：was /were +动词过去分词The MP3 was bought by my father一般将来时：will/shall/be going "to 动词过去分词The bridge will be completed in tendays现在完成时：have/ has beem 动词过去分词The meeting has been put off二、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带 to 的情态动词变成被动语态后“to仍要保留.歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加 be 加过分”。例如：we can repair this watch in two daThis watch can be repaired in two daysWe must fiiish this work soon. This work must be done soon.We have to clean the classroom The classroom has to be cleaned by us三、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题。(1) 时态保持一致。I have repaired my computer-My computer has been repaired.(2)假如要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用 by 短语，假如后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用 in 短语。It is made by。 usIt is made in Wuhan(3) 主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句 by 的宾语时要用其宾格形式。He cleaned the caL The car was cleaned by。him(4) 疑问句的被动语态,用 be 动词的对应形式代替 doDoes she drive thi? carls this car driven byher(5) 谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。His best friend often looks afte—hime is often looked after by his best friend(6)主动句中有一些动词如 buy,send,give,show,offer,tell,teanfli 等，带有双宾语，一个是直接宾语指物)，另一个是间接宾语指人)，主动语态变为被动语态时，可以把间接宾语变成主语，保留直接宾语，也可以把直接宾语变为主语，保留间接宾语，但此时一般在间接宾语前加一个介词。My father gave me a booka(1)I was given a book by my father ( 2 ) A book was given to me by my fatherShe showed me some photosa(1)I was shown some photos by her. )a S62ie photos were shown to me by°her注意:有些双宾语动词，如 do,pass,selke...