第 1 讲 名词解答有关名词的题目时,一定要注意名词前的修饰成分,如数词、量词常修饰可数名词复数,也要注意修饰不可数名词的词或短语等,以用来判断其应为不可数名词还是可数名词的单复数形式,有时还要结合语境分析句子成分来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。考点感悟语法填空短文改错语法填空对名词的考查主要是名词的单复数和所有格,以及所给提示词(动词、形容词等)转换为名词的适当形式。感 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.答案:scientist 根据语境可知,作者是一名科学家,故填 scientist “科学家”。2.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.答案:invitations “邀请”为可数名词,其前有 several 修饰,故应填其名词复数形式。悟 1.分析句子成分 如果词性不需要改变,则一般考查所给名词的复数形式;如果作定语表示“……的”,则一般考查名词所有格。2.注意单复数 如果为不可数名词,则没有复数形式;如果为可数名词,除根据上下文语境之外,还可通过限定词信息来判断:① 不定冠词 a, an 后用名词单数形式;② 有 these,those, several, many, both,all, different, a few 等词修饰时用名词复数形式;③ 其前有 one of 时用名词复数形式;④ 如作主语,要注意主谓一致。即,谓语动词为单数则填名词单数形式,谓语动词为复数则填名词复数形式。短文改错对名词的考查重点是名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性等方面的误用。感 1.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)All the football player on the playground cheered loudly ... ________________________________________________________________答案:player→players 根据前面的 all 可知,player 应用复数形式 players。2.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.________________________________________________________________答案:chicken→chickens dozens of 用来修饰可数名词复数。悟 1.可数名词单复数的误用 可根据限定语来判断,高考时主要集中在错把复数用作单数。2.可数名词与不可数...