民国时期妇女对职业与家事的两难抉择分析研究 公共管理专业

民国时期妇女对职业与家事的两难抉择 摘 要：自古以来，中国的传统观念里就主张：“男主外，女主内。”也就是说女性只有处理家事内务的权利，大多数情况下是不允许女性在外奔波，抛头露面的。”后来，到了民国女性得到了一定程度上的解放，人们开始思考女性的独立性，其中考虑的核心在于女性的职业问题，与此同时仍然将承担家事作为女性的责任。这样的结果就是不仅仅没有真正的实现要女性走向独立的初衷，反而在原有家庭压力的基础上给女性带来了更为沉重的职业压力。究其原因可以归纳为四点，第一、因为长久以来中国传统社会中根植很深的男权思想的影响；第二、迫于现实压力，女性不得不做出这样的选择；第三、政策本身缺乏确定性；第四、碍于当时活跃在全社会上的解放运动。就本文来说，研究的主题就是民国时期摆在女性面前在职业与家事之前的艰难抉择的成因分析，旨在发现职业女性教育之于女性在家事领域的意义。以此来引起更多人的关注，进而能够能够在全社会范围内形成一种尊重女性，讲求男女平等的共识，以此来帮助女性提升自己的社会地位。关键词：民国时期；女性独立；职业；家事Women's Dilemma on Career and Housework during the Republic of China（1912-1949） Abstract: In the period of the Republic of China, people took occupational issues as the central issue and precondition for women to achieve independence. On the other hand, they still regard the family affairs as women's innate duties, thus forming the concept of women's career and family standing together. This not only eliminates the independent spirit that women's profession emphasizes, but also makes some women in the Republic of China have to face the double burden of career and family affairs and make difficult choices. The reason why such a situation arises is that the traditional male ideology has become ideologically ambiguous; the second is because the real life has been forced to frustrate; the third is because the policy orientation is fluctuating and the fourth is because of the needs of the social liberation movement.Key ...