题组训练10说理议论+社会文化+应用广告+逸闻趣事A(2017·红桥区二模)Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity(繁荣).Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad,thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother,andthatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhoheldthebeliefthattheirself-worthreliedonhowwelltheyperformedattennisandotherskills.Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlive-and-deathaffairs.Intheirsingle-mindedpursuitofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualitiesissadlyforgotten.However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed,otherstakeanoppositeattitude.Inaculturewhichonlyvaluesthewinnerandpaysnoattentiontotheordinaryplayers,theystronglycriticizecompetition.Amongthemostvocalareyoungsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety.Teachingtheseyoungpeople,Ioftenobserveinthemadesiretofail.Theyseemtoseekfailurebynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:“Imayhavelost,butitdoesn’tmatterbecauseIreallydidn’ttry.”Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythemselvesisthebeliefthatiftheyhadreallytriedandlost,thatwouldmeanalot.Suchalosswouldbeameasureoftheirworth.Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatoftruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone’sself-respectreliesonhowwelloneperformsincomparisonwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisbasicandoftentroublesomefearbeginstodisappearcanwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.语篇解读本文为议论文,题材为社会生活。文章讨论的是人们对于竞争的不同态度。有的人非常重视竞争,认为它有益于社会的进步;有的人认为竞争对人的发展不利。1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.Competitionhelpstosetupself-respect.B.Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople.C.Competitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopment.D.Failuresarenecessaryexperienceincompetition.答案B解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人们对于竞争所持的不同态度。2.Whydosomepeoplefavorcompetitionaccordingtothepassage?A.Itpushessocietyforward.B.Itbuildsupasenseofduty.C.Itimprovespersonalabilities.D.Itencouragesindividualefforts.答案A解析细节理解题。由首段第二句可知答案。3.Theunderlinedphrase“themostvocal”inParagraph3means“”.A.thosewhotrytheirbesttowinB.thosewhovaluecompetitionmosthighlyC.thosewhoareagainstcompetitionmoststronglyD.thosewhorelyonothersmostforsuccess答案C解析词义猜测题。由第三段中“otherstakeanoppositeattitude”及“theystronglycriticizecompetition”可知,画线短语指“强烈反对竞争的人”。4.Whatisthesimilarbeliefofthetruecompetitorsandthosewitha“desiretofail”?A.One’sworthliesinhisperformancecomparedwithothers.B.One’ssuccessincompetitionneedsgreatefforts.C.One’sachievementisdeterminedbyhisparticularskills.D.One’ssuccessisbasedonhowhardhehastried.答案A解析细节理解题。由文章尾段倒数第三句“Botharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone’sself-respectreliesonhowwelloneperformsincomparisonwithothers.”可知答案。5.Whichpointofviewmaytheauthoragreeto?A.Everyeffortshouldbepaidback.B.Competitionshouldbeencouraged.C.Winningshouldbealife-and-deathmatter.D.Fearoffailureshouldberemovedincompetition.答案D解析推理判断题。尾段最后一句表明了作者的观点:只有当这种基本的、害怕失败的态度消失时,我们才能找到竞争的真正含义。即作者认为在竞争中,不要总担心失败。B(2017·河北区一模)Goingshoppingseemse...