生活百科（二十）糖果一砂糖、乳糖....................................................................................2二淀粉糖............................................................................................61淀粉糖的生产工艺和种类..............................................................62淀粉糖浆....................................................................................83饴糖................................................................................................164糖浆................................................................................................225麦芽糖............................................................................................27三硬糖..............................................................................................34四软糖..............................................................................................46五奶糖..............................................................................................56六巧克力糖......................................................................................62七口香糖..........................................................................................71八花生糖类......................................................................................79九芝麻糖..........................................................................................87十米花糖..........................................................................................94十一夹心糖、酥糖........................................................................1021夹心糖......................................................................................1022酥心糖......................................................................................111十二其它糖果................................................................................1251牛轧糖..........................................................................................1252牛皮糖...........................................................................................1293水果糖..........................................................................................130一砂糖、乳糖甘蔗糖砂糖是一种应用广泛的甜味料。含砂糖的植物不少，用作制糖原料的主要是甘蔗和甜菜。甘蔗产于热带、亚热带，其茎中含糖量为10～20％。甜菜在寒冷地区栽培，其根中含糖量亦为10～20％。世界上砂糖的产量约65％来自甘蔗，只有约35％取自甜菜，所以砂糖也称蔗糖。此外，在加拿大将野生的、含有糖的枫树液(含糖量约2％)，浓缩成糖汁制成枫树糖，用以制作烤饼。而在热带、温带地区，有将含有糖的椰子树液(含糖量约10％)浓缩制成椰子糖，也有将含有糖的高粱茎(含糖量为10～18％)作为原料，制成高粱糖。砂糖的种类及其组成(％)种类糖度还原糖水分灰分黑糖86.02.095.701.37含蜜糖粗白糖80.46.938.511.25台湾红糖80.45.066.101.45原料糖96.840.790.610.51粗糖白双糖99.330.230.060.13红双糖85.43.313.501.15精制糖细白糖99.940.000.010.00砂糖99.900.010.020.00白双糖99.890.010.030.01上白糖96.151.761.310303中白糖95.191.951.810.21三温糖94.512.241.800.37制作方法1.粗糖制作：(1)在甘蔗含糖量高的时期进行收割，并速运到工厂加工处理。(2)用机器将甘蔗断成短段，用数台压榨机榨汁。榨过的渣滓称为蔗渣。(3)在榨汁中加入石灰乳，使pH值达7～7.5，用100～150℃的温度加热后静置。将所得的汁液过滤，得到糖度为14～17度的澄清糖液。(4)然后将此液浓缩成糖度为55～60度的糖浆，再将糖浆放入结晶罐中，减压浓缩而析出结晶...
