高一英语语法——直接引语和间接引语 教案VIP免费

一.教学内容：语法——直接引语和间接引语【具体教学过程】观察下列句子中直接引语和间接引语的转换，试着归纳总结其变化规律。1.Hesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”→HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.2.Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasateacher.3.Shesaid,“Whatareyoudoing?”→SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.4.“Whatalovelygirl(sheis)!”theysaid.→Theysaidthatshewasalovelygirl.5.“Followme,”shesaidtome.→Shetoldmetofollowher.6.“Canyoulendmeahand?”heasked.→Heaskedmetolendhimahand.7.Hesaid,“Let’sstayheretilltomorrow.”→Hesuggestedthatweshouldstaytheretillthenextday.*直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。1.陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有很多相似之处，因此在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。（1）人称的变化Hesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”他说：“我要去北京。”→HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.他说他要去北京。Hesaidtome,“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”他对我说：“我把你的播放器摔坏了。”→HetoldmethathehadbrokenmyCDplayer.他告诉我说他把我的播放器摔坏了。（2）时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。Sheoftensays,“Mr.Liuisanhonestman.”→SheoftensaysthatMr.Liuisanhonestman.直接引语变间接引语时的时态变化：Hesaid,“I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthework.”→Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn’tfinishthework.用心爱心专心Hesaid,“I’musingtheknife.”→Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.Shesaid,“I’venotheardfromhimsinceMay.”→ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”→Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”→Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.Shesaid,“I’lldoitafterclass.”→Shesaidthatshewoulddoitafterclass.注：直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Hesaid,“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”→Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化Shesaid,“I’llfinishtheworkthismorning.”→Shesaidthatshewouldfinishtheworkthatmorning.(these→those,here→there)Hesaid,“It’snineo’clocknow.”→Hesaidthatitwasnineo’clockthen.(today→thatday,yesterday→thedaybefore,tomorrow→thenext/followingday)Shesaid,“Heleft30minutesago.”→Shetoldmethathehadleft30minutesbefore.Shesaid,“I’llcomeherethisevening.”→Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening.注：如果在当地转述，here不必改为there，动词come不必改为go。如果在当天转述，today,yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。2.疑问句直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序（主语在谓语前面），主语的人称、时态和状语等也要作相应的变化。（1）一般疑问句：直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked。没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语（me,him或us等）。如：Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?”→Heasked(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.（2）特殊疑问句：直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。如：“HowcanIhelpher?”heaskedme.→Heasked(me)howhecouldhelpher.3.祈使句用心爱心专心转述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词。另外，...