SectionⅤGrammar&Writing[学生用书P22]转述结构与被动语态单句语法填空1．Theboyadmitted(cheat)inthelastexam.答案：cheating2．Theyagreed(offer)ussomeadviceonhowtopaintthewall.答案：tooffer3．Look!Theoldcar(wash)bythatoldman.答案：isbeingwashing4．Alotofyoungtrees(plant)herealready.答案：havebeenplanted5．Itisclearthatthedirtyhouseneeds(clean)verymuch.答案：tobecleaned一、转述结构可用于转述某人所说的话的动词及常用句型：常用动词常用句型例句insist，complain，add，admit，agree，announce，believe，claim，declare，explain动词＋that从句Theycomplainedthatthepriceofbookshadincreased.他们抱怨说书价提高了。Ishouldliketoaddthatweshouldtakesomeumbrellaswithus.我还要补充说我们应该带着雨伞。Thecaptainannouncedthattheplanewasgoingtoland.机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。warn，remind动词＋sb.＋that从句Thewhistlewarnedvisitorsthattheshipwasreadytosail.汽笛通知旅客轮船即将起航。PleaseremindmethatImustcallherupbeforenine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。advise，beg，order，promise动词＋sb.＋todosth.Ibeggedhernottogo，butshedidnotlistentome.我恳求她不要去，但是她不听我的。Theyorderedhimtostopfiring.他们命令他停止开枪。Theyhadpromisedtheirteachertobehavebetter.他们答应老师要表现好一些。agree，offer，refuse，threaten动词＋todosth.Hisfatherthreatenedtopunishhim.父亲威胁说要惩罚他。Heagreedtocometoschoolearlier.他同意早一点去学校。HeofferedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.他答应要帮助我学习英语。admit，deny，suggest动词＋doingTheydon’tadmitsmokinginthemeetingroom.他们不允许在会议室吸烟。Hedeniedstealingabook.他否认偷了一本书。Hesuggestedgoingoutforawalk.他建议出去走走。inquire，ask，wonder，doubt动词＋whether/if从句Sheinquiredwhethermymotherwaswell.她问起我母亲是否健康。Idoubtwhetherheisathome.我看他不一定在家。accuseofaccusesb.of...Thepoliceaccusedhimofmurder.警方指控他谋杀。二、被动语态1．被动语态的结构一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词(短语)才有被动语态。动作的执行者一般由介词by引起的短语来表示(by短语通常可以省略)。被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成。现以动词do为例，列出常用的被动语态。构成例句一般现在时is/am/are＋doneHowisthiswordpronounced？这个单词怎么发音？一般过去时was/were＋doneShewasaskedtosingasong.大家要求她唱首歌。一般将来时will/shall＋bedoneSomeofyouwillbesenttoAmericaforfurthertraining.你们中有些人将被送到美国接受进一步的培训。is/am/are＋goingto＋bedoneThetreesaregoingtobeplantedalongtheriver.沿河种树。现在进行时is/am/are＋beingdoneTheclassroomisbeingcleanedbythestudents.学生们正在打扫教室。现在完成时have/has＋beendoneAlltheworkhasbeenfinished.所有工作都已完成了。过去进行时was/were＋beingdoneMomtoldmethatgrandmawasbeingtakengoodcareofinthatnursinghome.妈妈告诉我，奶奶在那个疗养院被照顾得很好。过去完成时had＋beendoneItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeencriticizedinpublic.那是我第一次当众挨批。过去将来时would＋bedoneHedidknowthejobwouldbekeptforhim.他知道这项工作给他留着。情态动词的被动结构情态动词＋bedoneEverythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.能做的都已做了。Allthemobilephonesmustbeturnedoffduringthemeeting.开会期间关掉手机。Myhomeworkcanbefinishedintwohours.我的作业两小时之内能完成。(1)在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接不定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。Iwasmadetostarttoworkatonce.要求我立即开始工作。(2)带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表人的间接宾语，或将表人的间接宾语变为主语即可。Myfatheristellingmeaninterestingstorynow.→Aninterestingstoryis...
