毕业设计报告毕业设计报告设计题目：基于单片机的直流电机调速系统系别：机电工程系专业班级：08电测学生姓名：尹俊凯学号：02033080141指导老师：王春艳设计时间：2010-11——2011-2摘要本文主要研究了利用MCS-51系列单片机控制PWM信号从而实现对直流电机转速进行控制的方法。文章中采用了专门的芯片组成了PWM信号的发生系统，并且对PWM信号的原理、产生方法以及如何通过软件编程对PWM信号占空比进行调节，从而控制其输入信号波形等均作了详细的阐述。此外，本文中还采用了芯片IR2110作为直流电机正转调速功率放大电路的驱动模块，并且把它与延时电路相结合完成了在主电路中对直流电机的控制。另外，本系统中使用了测速发电机对直流电机的转速进行测量，经过滤波电路后，将测量值送到A/D转换器，并且最终作为反馈值输入到单片机进行PI运算，从而实现了对直流电机速度的控制。在软件方面，文章中详细介绍了PI运算程序，初始化程序等的编写思路和具体的程序实现。关键词：PWM信号，测速发电机，PI运算TheDesignofDirectCurrentMotorspeedRegulationSystemBasedOnSCMThisarticlemainlyintroducesthemethodtogeneratethePWMsignalbyusingMCS-51single-chipcomputertocontrolthespeedofaD.C.motor.ItalsoclarifiestheprinciplesofPWMandthewaytoadjustthedutycycleofPWMsignal.Inaddition,IR2110hasbeenusedasanactuatingdeviceofthepoweramplifiercircuitwhichcontrolsthespeedofrotationofD.C.motor.What’smore,tachogeneratorisusedinthissystemtomeasurethespeedofD.C.motor.TheresultofthemeasurementissenttoA/Dconverterafterpassingthefilteringcircuit,andfinallythefeedbacksingleisstoredinthesingle-chipcomputerandparticipatesinaPIcalculation.Asforthesoftware,thisarticleintroducesindetailtheideaoftheprogrammingandhowtomakeit.Keywords:PWMsignal，tachogenerator，PIcalculation目录摘要...................................Ⅱ一.引言...........................................................................................11.1开发背景............................................................................11.2选题的目的和意义....................................................11.3研究方法............................................................................2二.总体设计概述...................................................................22.1总体硬件电路设计....................................................22.1.1系统总体设计框图...........................................22.1.28051单片机简介....................................................32.1.3单片机系统中所用其他芯片选型.......42.2PWM信号发生电路设计........................................72.2.1PWM的基本原理.................................................72.2.2PWM信号发生电路设计...............................82.2.3PWM发生电路主要芯片的工作原理.92.3功率放大驱动电路设计.....................................102.3.1芯片IR2110性能及特点..................................102.3.2IR2110的引脚图以及功能............................112.4主电路设计...................................................................112.4.1延时保护电路....................................................112.4.2主电路......................................................................122.4.3输出电压波形....................................................132.4.4系统总体电路图..............................................142.5测速发电机...................................................................152.6滤波电路.........................................................................152.7A/D转换.........................................................................
