数学教学的一个重要任务是提高学生的解题能力。实际上,老师们在教解题上花费了大量的时间,但是效果总是不那么如意。因此,怎样培养学生的解题能力是一个不可忽视的话题。老师们都知道要培养学生的解题能力,然而许多教师老是在激发学生的解题兴趣上做文章,这无可厚非。不过,不论有无兴趣,作为学生,总归要养成一定的解题能力。因此,笔者认为,以下三点,应该才是培养学生解题能力的重要手段。Animportanttaskofmathematicsteachingistoimprovethestudents'abilityofproblemsolving.Infact,teachersspendalotoftimeonteachingproblemsolving,buttheeffectisalwaysnotsosatisfied.Therefore,howtodevelopthestudents'abilityofproblemsolvingisatopicthatcannotbeignored.Teachersknowthattodevelopthestudents'abilityofproblemsolving,however,manyteachersalwaysinarousingstudents'interestintheproblemsolving,thisunderstandable.However,ifanyinterest,asastudent,itwillformacertainabilitytosolveproblems.Therefore,theauthorthinksthat,thefollowingthreepoints,shouldistheimportantmeansoftrainingstudents'problemsolvingability.一、展示教师自身的解题过程A,showtheteacher'sownproblemsolvingprocess学生形成解题能力是从模仿解题开始的。模仿到一定程度后,方有自己的解题感觉。因此,教师的示范作用就显得非常重要。然而,在学生眼里,教师解题总是有如神来之笔,一下笔,题目的方法就出来了。学生对此除了羡慕外,剩下的感觉就是突兀。Studentsformbeginswithimitateproblemsolvingproblemsolvingability.Imitatetoacertainextent,feeltheirproblemsolving.Therefore,theteacherexemplaryroleisveryimportant.However,intheeyesofstudents,teachers'problemsolvingalwayslikeapen,apen,topicmethodscameout.Studentsareinadditiontoenvy,therestofthefeelingisabrupt.正如波利亚所说的,教师要告诉学生“是怎样想到这个解法的?”“是什么促使你这样想、这样做的?”也就是说,教师要向学生展示自己的解题过程,这样学生才有模仿的可能。AsBoLiYaputsit,theteacherwantstotellstudents\"ishowtothinkofthesolution?\"\"Whatmadeyouthinklikethis,dothat?\"Thatistosay,teachersshouldshowstudentsowntheproblemsolvingprocess,sothatstudentsthereisapossibilityofimitation.19世纪末,德国有位天才的数学家叫闵可夫斯基,他曾是爱因斯坦的老师。一天,闵可夫斯基刚走进教室,一名学生就递给他一张纸条,上面写着:“如果把地图上有共同边界的国家涂成不同颜色,那么只需要四种颜色就足够了,您能解释其中的道理吗?”Theendofthe19thcentury,Germanyageniusmathematiciancalledminkowski,hewasEinstein'steacher.Oneday,minkowskihadjustwalkedintotheclassroom,astudentjusthandedhimapieceofpaper,itread:\"ifthereisacommonboundaryofthecountryonthemappainteddifferentcolors,soonlyneed4kindsofcolorisenough,canyouexplainthetruth?\"闵可夫斯基微微一笑,对学生们说:“这个问题叫四色问题,是一个著名的数学难题。其实,它之所以一直没有得到解决,仅仅是由于没有第一流的数学家来解决它。”Minkowskismiledandsaidtothestudents:\"theproblemiscalledfourcolorproblem,isafamousmathematicalproblems.Actually,thereasonithasnotbeensolve,simplybecausethereisnofirst-classmathematicianstosolveit.\"为证明纸条上写的不是一道大餐,而是小菜一碟,闵可夫斯基决定“当堂掌勺”,问题就会变成定理……Toprovenotetopwriteofisnotabigmeal,butapieceofcake,minkowskidecided\"classroomcooking\",theproblemwillbecomeatheorem...下课铃响了,可“菜”还是生的。一连好几天,他都挂了黑板。后来有一天,闵可夫斯基走进教室时,忽然雷声大作,他借此自嘲道:“哎,上帝在责备我狂妄自大呢,我解决不了这个问题。”Whenthebellrang,\"dishes\"orraw.Hehunguptheblackboardforseveraldays.Andthenoneday,whentheminkowskicameintotheclassroom,sud...