专题03非谓语动词和交际用语一、2020年高考真题1.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466.(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.【答案】tofind【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填tofind。2.((2020·新课标I卷短文改错))Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.【答案】frying改为fried【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系,所以此处应用过去分词作定语,故将frying改为fried。3.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)Mymomtoldmehowtopreparingit【答案】preparing改为prepare。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知,“how+不定式”作told的宾语,to是不定式符号,后应接动词原形,故将preparing改为prepare。4.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Theyrepresenttheearth63.(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.【答案】coming【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与comebackto之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。5.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes65.(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.【答案】decorated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orangetrees,与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。6.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Theyareeasy68.(care)forandmakegreatpresents.【答案】tocare。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be+形容词+todo”结构。故填tocare。7.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67.(find)thewell-knownpainter.【答案】tofind【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为setouttodosth.,后跟不定式做目的状语。故填tofind。8.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69.(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.【答案】surrounding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知,thesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops是独立主格结构做状语,surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。9.(2020·山东新高考语法填空)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimaginethemselves(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor43.(walk)througharainforest.【答案】walking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分,共同做imagine的宾补,imaginesbdoingsth.“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。10.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology60.(change)lives.【答案】tochange【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子,简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意,此处需用不定式表示目的。故填tochange。11.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,63.(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.【答案】making【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜...