考点15阅读理解之应用文应用文主要指说明性的应用文,包括各种广告、产品说明、旅游指南、报刊书信、公共通告和备忘录等;近两年高考试题中的阅读理解均侧重考查此类。设题以细节理解题为主,热衷话题有:就业、旅游、电影、书籍等海报。应用文类型的阅读文章一般说来比较易理解,文章类型以广告形式居多,设问根据文章的段落秩序,多以细节事实理解为主,答案的寻找可以根据问题中的关键字顺藤摸瓜,辅以适当的推理判断。1.先题后文先读试题,了解试题考点;明确目的,快速捕捉,获取信息。2.题干定向根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围,按照题目顺序依次而下:问题与材料相同→对号入座;问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。3.生词模糊遇到生词;如与答题无关,直接跳过;涉及答题,则根据语境、构词法等猜词。4.信息补全对于影响理解的省略句,可根据语境,将其补全。(2020•全国卷I,A)TrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.Lostproperty(失物招领)CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable,Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am21.Whatwouldyoudogettickerinformation?A.Call131617.B.Visittranslink.com.au.C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.22.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.23.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.【答案】21.C22.B23.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息,包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Forticketinformation,pleaseaskyourlocalstationorcall131230.可知查询车票信息,请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知,你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Lostproperty部分中ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocatedatRomaStreetstation.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业,位于罗马街车站。由此可知,在RomaStreet你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Guardiantrans部分中信息,可知从起始地Central出发,开往目的地VarsityLakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知,如果你要从Central去往VarsityLakes,你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。(2019•全国卷I,A)NeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthI...