第39卷第7期煤炭学报Vol.39No.72014年7月JOURNALOFCHINACOALSOCIETYJuly2014孙鹏飞,易齐涛,许光泉.两淮采煤沉陷积水区水体水化学特征及影响因素[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(7):1345-1353.doi:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2013.0959SunPengfei,YiQitao,XuGuangquan.CharacteristicsofwaterchemistryandtheirinfluencingfactorsinsubsidencewatersintheHuainanandHuaibeiminingareas,AnhuiProvince[J].JournalofChinaCoalSociety,2014,39(7):1345-1353.doi:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2013.0959两淮采煤沉陷积水区水体水化学特征及影响因素孙鹏飞,易齐涛,许光泉(安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001)摘要:为分析沉陷积水区主要补给水源及相应的溶质来源,在淮南“潘谢”矿区和淮北“朱-杨庄”矿区各选取3个研究站点,基于水化学基本理论和原理,分析了各研究水域主要离子质量浓度、组成及类型,采用Gibbs图及因子分析方法,对水化学特征的影响因素进行了讨论。结果表明:水体总溶解性固体(TDS)质量浓度在丰、平、枯水期总体上逐渐升高,淮北沉陷积水区水体的矿化度、碱度和总硬度均高于淮南沉陷积水区。水化学组成在区域范围具有一定的空间变异性,HCO-3和Na+在阴阳离子中占有最大比例;淮南3个站点水化学类型主要为Na+-HCO-3-Cl-和Na+-Ca2+-HCO-3型,淮北3个站点则为Na+-Mg2+-HCO-3型。Gibbs图和因子分析共同揭示了淮南沉陷积水区水化学特征主要受浅层地下水和地表径流的双重影响,而淮北沉陷积水区离子组成主要体现了区域浅层地下水化学的特征。关键词:采煤沉陷区;水化学;因子分析;淮南矿区;淮北矿区中图分类号:P592;X142文献标志码:A文章编号:0253-9993(2014)07-1345-09收稿日期:2013-07-08责任编辑:韩晋平基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41202242);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目(第45批)作者简介:孙鹏飞(1991—),男,安徽安庆人,硕士研究生。E-mail:superfell@126．com。通讯作者:易齐涛(1979—),男,湖北天门人,副教授,博士。E-mail:yiqitao@163．comCharacteristicsofwaterchemistryandtheirinfluencingfactorsinsubsidencewatersintheHuainanandHuaibeiminingareas,AnhuiProvinceSUNPeng-fei,YIQi-tao,XUGuang-quan(SchoolofEarthandEnvironment,AnhuiUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Huainan232001,China)Abstract:Inordertoknowwatersourcesandtotaldissolvedsolids(TDS)ofminingsubsidencewaters,sixsiteswereselectedintheminingareasofHuainan“Panxie”andHuaibei“Zhu-YangZhuang”.Thecontents,compositionsandtypesofmajorionswereanalyzedbasedonthegeneraltheoriesandprinciplesofwaterchemistry.UsingtheGibbsgraphandthemethodoffactoranalysis,theinfluencingfactorswerefurtherdiscussed.TheresultsindicatethattheTDSareelevatedinallsitesduringtheperiodofwetseason,medianwaterperiod,anddryseason.TDS,alkalinityandhardnessofthesubsidencewatersinHuainbeiareobviouslyhigherthanthoseinHuainan.Meanwhile,Na+andHCO-3accountsforagreatpartofthetotalcationsandanionsrespectively,althoughtheirwaterchemistryvarieddependingonthesamplingsite.TheHuainanminingsubsidencewatersmainlybelongstowaterchemistrytypeof“Na+-HCO-3-Cl-”and“Na+-Ca2+-HCO-3”,anditisthetypeof“Na+-Mg2+-HCO-3”inthesubsidencewatersofHuaibei.Overall,theGibbsgraphandfactoranalysisshowthatwaterchemistryintheHuainanminingsubsidencewatersaremainlyrelatedtolocalshallowundergroundwaterandsurfacerunoff,whereasitreflectstherelationshiptoundergroundwaterforthecompositionsofionsintheHuaibeiminingsubsidencewaters.煤炭学报2014年第39卷Keywords:coalminessubsidencearea;waterchemistry;factoranalysis;Huainanminingarea;Huaibeiminingarea两淮地区煤矿开采导致了广泛的地表破坏和积水,现已导致300km2左右的土地沉陷,未来10a内将扩展至500km2以上,水资源储存潜力可达109m3[1],对矿区可持续发展及生态环境等均产生重大影响。大面积的地表沉陷与积水改变了矿...
