NondestructiveMaterialTestingwithUltrasonics使用超声波对材料进行的非破坏性检测IntroductiontotheBasicPrinciples基本原理介绍UNIONELECTRICSTEELCORPORATION美国联合电钢（戴维）轧辊公司安多利国际有限公司翻译2007年3月06日1Contents内容安多利国际有限公司Introduction介绍............................................41.Whyuseultrasonicsfornondestructivematerialtesting?为什么使用超声波进行非破坏性材料检测？...........52.Ultrasonictestingtasks超声波检测任务.......................53.Detectionofdiscontinuities不连续的发现......................64.Methodoftestingandinstrumenttechnology检测方法和仪器技术...104.1Theultrasonicflawdetector超声波裂纹检测仪....................104.2Nearresolution.近场的处理..................................154.3Theprobe探头.............................................164.4Refractionandmodeconversion折射和模式的转变........174.5Characteristicsofangle-beamprobes角度探头的特性..................194.6TheTRprobeTR探头.........................................205.Locatingdiscontinuities断裂的定位..........................225.1Calibrationoftheinstrument仪器校准.......................225.1.1Calibrationwithastraight-beamprobe平行光束探头的校准...................225.1.2CalibrationwithaTRprobeTR探头的校准........................245.1.3Calibrationwithanangel-beamprobe角度探头的校准...............265.1.4Locatingreflectorswithanangle-beamprobe使用角度探头对反射器进行定位..286.Evaluationofdiscontinuities断裂的评估.......................296.1Scanningmethod扫描方法...................................296.2Evaluationofsmalldiscontinuities:TheDGSmethod对小断裂的评估：DGS方法.....306.3Soundattenuation消音......................................346.4Thereferenceblockmethod叁考程序块方法......................346.4.1Comparisonofechoamplitudes回声振幅的比较....................346.4.2Distanceamplitudecurve振幅曲线的距离..........................357.Documentation文件.......................................378.Diagnosisofindications(outlook)指示的分析诊断......................40Referencelist参考清单..........................................41前言2因时间仓促，加之专业技术欠缺，本译文一定会有很多不准确的地方。我们在此敬请各位读者给予指正和谅解。Introduction介绍Nondestructivematerialtestingwithultrasonicsismorethan40yearsold.Fromtheveryfirstexaminations,usingultrasonicoscillationsfordetectionofflawsindifferentmaterials,ithasbecomeaclassicaltestmethodbasedonmeasurementswithdueregardtoalltheimportantinfluencingfactors.Todayitisexpectedthatultrasonictesting,supportedbygreatadvancesininstrumenttechnology,givereproducibletestresultswithinnarrowtolerances.Thisassumesexactknow-ledgeoftheinfluencingfactorsandtheabilitytoapplytheseintestingtechnology.使用超声波对材料进行非破坏性检测已经有40多年了。从第一次使用超声波振动检测不同材料上的裂纹开始，它已经成为考虑到所有重要影响因素的一个典型的测试方法。今天具有更先进技术的超声波检测，能够在精密的误差中反复获得的测验结果。影响因素的精确知识和能力被运用到测试技术中。Notallinfluenceshavetobeseriouslyregardedbytheoperator.。Inmanycasessomeoftheinfluencescanbeneglected（忽视）withoutexceeding（超过）thepermittedmeasurementtolerances（测量公差）.Duetothis,thetestsequenceissimplifiedandthetestingtimereduced.Despitethis,thefuturebelongstothequalifiedoperatorwhocarriesouthistaskresponsiblyandwhocontinuouslyendeavoursto（争取）keephisknowledgeatthelateststateoftheart操作...
