智课网IELTS备考资料雅思阅读材料之英国色盲艺术家大脑植入芯片“听”颜色Didyouknowthatcolorscanbeseenaswellasheard?Well,nowyoudo,thanksto31-year-oldNeilHarbisson,acolorblindartistwhospentyearslookingforawayofexperiencingthecolorsoftheworldaroundhim.你知道吗?颜色不仅可以被看见,还能被“听见”!31岁的尼尔·哈维森是一位色盲艺术家,他花费多年时间终于找到了一种感受周围世界色彩的方法,足以让你大开眼界。Forthepast10years,Neilhasbeenwearinganexternalelectroniceyethatpicksupthefrequenciesofthecolorsbeforehimandconvertsthemintosoundvibrationsthathecanhear.Initiallyheworethedeviceoutsidehishead.Butlater,theLondon-basedartistconvincedsurgeonstoimplantthechipinthisskulltobeabletoperceivemoreintricatecolors.在过去的10年中,尼尔一直戴着一个外置电子眼,它可以把颜色的频率转化成声波,然后尼尔就可以“听见”声音了。最初的时候,他在大脑外部佩戴这一装置,但后来这位伦敦艺术家说服外科医生把芯片植入自己的头盖骨里面,以便获取更细微的颜色。TheideaforthedevicecameaboutwhenNeilheardacyberneticstalkbycomputerscientistAdamMontandonatDartingtonCollegeofArtsin2003.ThepairthencollaboratedtocreatethedeviceandNeilendedupmemorizingvariousfrequenciessohecouldrecognizecolors.Sohestillcouldn’tseethecolors,hecouldnowhearandidentifythem.这一想法源自2003年,尼尔在达林顿艺术学院听了一场科学家亚当·蒙坦顿有关自动控制学的讲座。然后这两个人就合作创造了这一装置,后来尼尔通过记忆不同频率来辨识颜色。所以,尽管他还是不能看见颜色,但他可以“听见”并辨识出来。Neil,whowasbornwithachromatopsia(arareconditionthatallowshimtoseeonlyblackorwhite),saidduringatalkin2012:“Formetheskyisalwaysgrey,flowersarealwaysgreyandtelevisionisblackandwhite.Butsincetheageof21insteadofseeingcolorIcanhearcolor.IstartedtohavefavoritecolorsandIstartedtodreamincolor.”尼尔是全色盲(只能看见黑色和白色),他在2012年的一次座谈会上说:“对我来说,天空是灰的,花儿是灰的,电视是黑白的。但是从21岁起,我可以听见颜色了,我开始有了自己最喜欢的颜色,并且我做的梦也有了色彩。”Atthispoint,Neilfeltthatthesoftwareandhisbrainhadunited,becauseinhisdreamsitwasn’tthesoftwarecreatingtheelectronicsounds,buthisbrain.Sohedecidedtohavethedeviceimplantedpermanently.这时候,尼尔感觉芯片软件和自己的大脑已经联为一体,因为在梦里的颜色并不是电子眼产生的声音,而是源自他自己的大脑,所以他决定永久植入这块芯片。Thecyborgantenna,or‘eyeborg’thatNeilnowwearsislikealongtubewithanaudioinputononeendthatisimplantedatbackofhisskull.Attheotherendisacamerathat‘sees’thecolorsbeforetheyaretransformedtosound.Becauseeverycolorhasadifferentvibration,Neilisabletodistinguishbetweendifferentimages,paintingsandfaces(eachofthemhasadistinctsound).尼尔所佩戴的机械天线“电子眼”,看上去就像一端带有摄像头、另一端植入头盖骨的长管。由于每种颜色都有一个不同的频率,所以尼尔能够辨别不同的图像、画作或脸庞(每种图像的声音都不同)。Infact,hecanevenhearcolorsthatthehumaneyecannotperceive,likeinfraredandultraviolet.Andthereverseisalsotrue–heisabletomakecolorpaintingsofthevoicesofpersonalitieslikeHitlerandMartinLutherKing.Hedoesn’tevenhavetoactuallylookatthecolors.TheimagescanbesentdirectlyfromhismobilephonetoaWi-FiorBluetoothconnectorinsidethechip.It’sactuallyunbelievable–Neilisthefirstpersonintheworldwhocanexperienceanimagewithoutactuallylookingatit.事实上,他甚至能听到人眼无法识别的颜色,如红外线和紫外线。“听声音”的逆过程也是可以实现的,他可以根据人物声音,比如希特勒和马丁·路德·金的声音,画出彩色画。...