支气管扩张剂作用的分子药理机制上海市瑞金医院黄绍光ControlofairwaydiameterEpidemiology/pathology•自主神经参与调节许多气道功能,影响气道平滑肌,粘液分泌,血管、微血管通透性,炎症细胞的迁移和释放
神经机制在气道炎症疾病中可放大或调节炎症反应,其中胆碱能神经是引起气道收缩的主要因素
IncreasedmaximalairwaynarrowinginasthmaThickeningandincreasedstiffnessInnerairwaywallHypertrophyandincreasedcontractilityAirwaysmoothmuscleLossofelastioparenchymalrecoilNormalCOPDDisruptedalveolarattachments(emphysema)MucosalinflammationandfibrosisMucushypersecretionAirwayheldopenbyalveolaratteachmentsAirwayobstructedbylossofattachmentsMucosalinflammationandfibrosisMucusobstructionoflumenAirwaypathologyinCOPD抗胆碱能药物ß2-受体激动剂茶碱平滑肌细胞收缩舒张cAMPAMPM1M2M3三大类支气管扩张剂作用机制cGMP•β肾上腺素能受体激动剂做为最主要的支气管扩张剂在支气管哮喘及慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)等慢性气道疾病的治疗中得到了广泛的应用
2-AgonistsEosinophilMastcellCholinergicnerve2-AgonistsSmoothmuscleAcetylcholineHistamineLTD4----